1. How many hemispheres can this map be divided into?
Bell Ringer
How many hemispheres can this map be divided into?

2. Unit 2
Studying Geography

3. GQ: What methods do geographers use to show the Earth’s surface?

4. 1. Displaying the Earth’s Surface
Early models of the Earth were flat
Sailors proved it was round
Globes – spherical models of the Earth
Most accurate size, shape, distance, direction
Hard to carry

5. Maps – flat drawings of all or parts of the Earth
Show small areas in great detail
Show specific information
Can’t show accurate size, shape, distance, direction together
Easy to carry
Reflect: Describe how an explorer could set sail thinking the Earth was flat and return knowing it was round.

6. Hemispheres – “half spheres”
Equator – circles the middle of the Earth
Divides Northern and Southern hemispheres
Prime Meridian – runs pole to pole
Divides Eastern and Western hemispheres

7. Finding Location Grid system – imaginary lines on maps and globes
Latitude – parallel to Equator
Measure distance in degrees north or south
Longitude – parallel to Prime Meridian
Measure distance in degrees east or west
Absolute location – exact spot where latitude and longitude lines meet

9. Projections – ways of showing the Earth on a flat sheet of paper
Each map projection shows the Earth in a different way
Choose which one to use depending on goals

10. Bell Ringer
How can different types of weather systems affect the Earth’s surface over time?

11. Chapter 2 Lesson 2

12. GQ: How do geographers use the five themes and six essential elements of geography?

13. Five Themes of Geography
Theme – a topic that connects ideas
Location
Place
Human-Environment Interaction
Movement
Regions

14. 2. Six Essential Elements
The World In Spatial Terms
Studies where a certain place is located
Raises awareness of the world around you
Places and Regions
Describes:
Natural features – weather, animals, landforms
Human features – language, way of life

15. Physical Systems Human Systems
Analyzes how weather systems shape Earth’s surface
Volcanoes, glaciers, hurricanes
Studies how plants and animals depend on each other for survival
Human Systems
Why humans choose to settle in certain places
How they move and exchange goods or ideas

16. Environment and Society
How the environment affects way of life
How humans affect the environment
Uses of Geography
Helps understand how people, places, and environments interact with each other
Reflect: How would living far from a water source affect the way a community lives?

17. GQ: What are some key ways that maps are used?

18. 3. Types of Maps Physical Maps – show land and water features
Use colors to show different features
Has a key to explain each color
Political Maps – show names and borders of countries
Location of cities and other man made features
Also show physical features

19. Examples: Special Purpose Maps – show specific kinds of information
climate
natural resources
roads
population
historical information
Reflect: Draw a special purpose road map of your surrounding neighborhood.

20. How To Read Maps Map Key – explains information shown on the map
symbols, lines, and colors
Map Scale – measuring line that shows distance represented
Helps calculate distance between points on the map
Cardinal Directions
North, South, East, West