1. By: By: Jordan Kidder Jordan Kidder& Zack Mead Period 6

2. Conversion Factors Conversion factor- the process of taking a measurement and converting it into a different measurement unit either smaller or larger (ex: 1 meter = 100 centimeters) # unit # UNIT OR # UNIT # unit

3. How to Apply Convert 1,050 km to cm To start you should know that 1 meter = 10^0. Therefore, 1 km = 10^3 And cm = 10^-2 Kmcm 10^310^-2 1050 km 1 X 10^3 cm 10^-2 km = 105,000,000 cm

4. Significant Figures Significant figures- The digits in a measurement that carry meaning contributing to its precision; the quality of equipment. Absent (ocean) Present (ocean) U.S. 1.00 If decimal present, start from left and begin counting at the first non 0 digit and count every digit after If decimal absent, start from right and begin counting at the first non 0 digit and count every digit after 3 sig figs 100 1 sig fig Numbers that are absolute/counting numbers have an infinite number of significant figures. Ex: 2 apples = infinite sig figs

5. Rounding Rounding- a numerical value means replacing it by another value that is approximately equal but has a shorter, simpler, or more explicit representation In multiplication & division: the rules of rounding is to round to the least precise measurement through significant figures 1.00 X 4.35971 3 sig figs 6 sig figs Since 2.0 has the least number of significant figures, we round the answer to 2 sig figs. 2.0 2 sig figs = 2.179855 = 2.2 In addition and subtraction: you round to the number with the least amount of digits past the decimal point. 6.9871 + 2.35 – 4 = 5

6. Scientific Method 5 steps 1.Problem 2.Hypothesis (guess) 3.Experiment 4.Conclusion 5.Problem Solved yes no - Trial and error to solve a problem

7. Applying the Scientific Method to Everyday Life 1.Problem: I am the 2 nd string quarterback on my varsity football team and I want to be the starter. 2.Hypothesis: If I ask the coach to start, I will become the new starter 3.Experiment: I ask the coach if I can be the new starter. 4.Conclusion: He laughs and declines my proposition 2.New hypothesis: If I learn the plays, I will become starter 3.Experiment: Everyday after practice, I go home and spend hours learning all of the plays until I know them all. 4.Conclusion: I now know the plays, but so does the starter and I remain backup. no No (cont. on next slide) 1.Problem: I am the 2 nd string quarterback on my varsity football team and I want to be the starter. 2.Hypothesis: If I ask the coach to start, I will become the new starter 3.Experiment: I ask the coach if I can be the new starter. 4.Conclusion: He laughs and declines my proposition

8. Example of Scientific Method cont. 2.Hypothesis: If I get rid of the starting quarterback, I will then (by default) become starter 3.Experiment: The starting qbs dad happens to work for my dad, so I get my dad to transfer his dad to the Wisconsin branch, effective immediately. Thus, getting rid of the starter and his family 4.Conclusion: With the starter gone off to Wisconsin, I now become the starting quarterback (thanks dad!!) 5.Problem Solved (I become starter) yes

9. Scientific Method: Theory or Law?? Scientific theory- a set of observations that is widely accepted, but not necessarily proven to be true Scientific law- an absolute fact that cannot be disproven The scientific method is a theory because while it is widely accepted in the scientific community, it is limited in that it cannot be proven to be 100 percent fact.

10. Independent vs. Dependent Variables Independent Variables- A variable that you control in an experiment Dependent Variables- A variable that is directly affected by the independent variable in an experiment When creating a graph, the independent variable is labeled on the x-axis and the dependent variable is labeled on the y-axis independent dependent Independent is the constant in a graph Example: 2.03.04.05.06.0 1.32.94.14.96.2

11. Independent vs. Dependent The title of a graph will always be labeled as the independent variable vs. the dependent variable Mass (kg)1.02.03.04.0 Length (cm)4.59.012.513.5 Mass (kg) Length (cm) Mass is the independent variable because its a constant and when we apply 1.0 kgs we then get 4.5 cms in response (dependent) and so on.

12. Graphing Linear: y = mx Y always represents the dependent variable and X represents the controlled/independent Exponential: y = mx^2 Inverse: y = m/x The relationship between variables is directly proportional