1. Latin America - Argentina - Mexico To come - Brasil, Chile, Peru, El Salvador

2. Basic Facts Mexico –Population: 110 million –GNI per capita (PPP): $12,000 –Growth in 1995-2005: 3.7% 1995 – 2000: 5.6% 2000 – 2005: 1.8% Argentina –Population: 40 million –GNI per capita (PPP): $11,670 –Growth in the 1995-2005: 2.1% 1999- 2002: - 5%

3. “Que dicen los pobres” Voices of the poor, in Mexico 3,000 “poor” people (adults) were interviewed They were asked to name and rank the most important aspects of deprivation and the said: 1.Income 2.Access of drinking water 3.Education 4.Health 5.Nutrition 6.Shelter

4. Datasets Mexico: ENIGH (Encuesta Nacional de Ingresos y gastos de los Hogares). Nationally representative. Years: 1994, 2000, 2006. Argentina: EPH (Encuesta Permanente de Hogares). Urban, 60% total population. Years: 1995, 2000, 2003 Unit of Analysis: Individuals – Households Poverty measures regularly used: –Poverty Line (Food, Capabilities, Patrimony): H income –Unsatisfied Basic Needs: H

5. Selected Indicators & Deprivation Cutoffs IndicatorDeprivation Cutoff INCOMEFood Poverty Line: aprox US$ 2 a day RUNNING WATERNot having tap water in the dwelling SCHOOLING OF HHHead of the household with 4 or less years of schooling CHILD IN SCHOOLAt least one child (6-16) not attending school SHELTER Argentina: wall material – mud, cardboard, metal Mexico: unfinished floor SANITATIONNot having flush toilet or pit latrine. (MDG).

6. RESULTS - Argentina and Mexico

7. ARGENTINA Incidence of deprivations Yearsweighting schemes Indicator199520002003 equal weight' ranking weights' Income: Food poverty0.1040.1360.33812.4 Running water0.0250.0150.00911.8 Child in school0.0320.0160.01410.6 Schooling of HH0.1590.1580.13110.6 Sanitation0.1130.0860.06710.3 Shelter0.0230.0190.02010.3 Total population 17,587,31621,315,256 21,734,414 66

8. ARGENTINA H and Mo for different k values - Ranking weights kDeprivation headcount (H) M0 199520002003 199520002003 10.1250.1460.3430.0370.0400.081 20.1190.1420.3410.0350.0380.081 30.0350.0440.086 0.0160.0180.032 40.0090.0080.0070.0050.0040.003 50.002 0.0010.0020.001 60.000 0.1040.1360.338Income Poverty Headcount Source: Own estimates from EPH 1995, 2000 and 2003

9. M0=0.016M0=0.018M0=0.032 ARGENTINA Contribution of each indicator to M 0 when k=3 and ‘ranking’ weight

10. ARGENTINA H and Mo for different k values – ‘equal weight’ kDeprivation headcount (H) M0 199520002003 199520002003 10.3380.3230.4300.0760.0720.097 20.0900.0830.127 0.0350.0320.046 30.0220.020 0.0120.011 40.0050.003 0.0040.002 50.0010.000 0.0010.000 6 0.1040.1360.338Income Poverty Headcount Source: Own estimates from EPH 1995, 2000 and 2003

11. ARGENTINA Contribution of each indicator to M 0 when k=2 and ‘equal’ weight M0=0.035M0=0.032M0=0.046

12. MEXICO Incidence of deprivations Years Equal weight Ranking weight Indicator199520002003 Income: food poverty.158.185.106 12.4 Income: capability.229.252.161 Running water.166.089.096 11.8 Child in school.126.087.067 10.6 Schooling of HH.447.373.302 10.6 Sanitation.251.263.097 10.3 Unfinished floor.134.096.070 10.3 Total households19,692,85023,667,47926,541,327

13. MEXICO H and Mo for different k values – Ranking weight k Deprivation headcount (H) M0M0 199420002006 199420002006 10.3070.2570.202 0.1610.1280.080 20.2440.2230.153 0.1360.1140.065 30.1700.1590.085 0.1100.0960.044 40.0730.0530.027 0.0570.0400.018 50.0550.0370.014 0.0460.0300.011 60.0120.0060.001 0.0120.0060.001 0.1580.1850.106Income Poverty Headcount Source: Own estimates from ENIGH 1994, 2000 and 2006

14. MEXICO Contribution of each indicator to M 0 when k=2 and ranking weight M0=0.041M0=0.036M0=0.048

15. MEXICO H and Mo for different k values – ‘equal weight’ k Deprivation headcount (H) M0M0 199420002006 199420002006 10.5430.4780.411 0.2090.1750.120 20.2600.2050.141 0.1500.1160.068 30.1820.1470.071 0.1210.0940.043 40.0810.0530.020 0.0650.0410.015 50.0190.0100.003 0.0170.0090.002 60.0120.0060.001 0.0120.0060.001 0.1580.1850.106Income Poverty Headcount Source: Own estimates from ENIGH 1994, 2000 and 2006

16. MEXICO Contribution of each indicator to M 0 when k=2 and ‘equal’ weight M0=0.041M0=0.036M0=0.048