1. WORK PACKAGE 5 BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT

2. PARTICIPANTS:  Lqars  Cemagref  Tratolixo PERIOD: 1 – 24 (Months)

3. OBJECTIVES (1/4):  Development of a general procedure of data collection for evaluating the efficiency of biological treatment plants – BTP – (composting, anaerobic digestion - AD)

4. OBJECTIVES (2/4):  Data collection for several BTPs, following the developed procedure

5. OBJECTIVES (3/4):  Modelling and simulation analyses with the aim of improving the efficiency of the BTPs under study

6. OBJECTIVES (4/4):  If feasible, implementation and assessment of some of the improvement measures proposed

7. METHODOLOGY / WORK DESCRIPTION 7 TASKS

8. Task 1 (month 1 – 24) Inventory of legislation on biological treatment operations and compost and digestate use in each participating country

9. TASK 1 (1/3) 1. Standards on compost and digestate use on agriculture and other activities IMPOSITION OF CONSTRAINTS ON: Inorganic and organic contaminants: heavy metals, PCBs, PAHs, dioxins, man made inert materials Sanitization: pathogenic microorganisms, germinating weed seeds, process control Maturation degree (degree of Rotting) Application rates: amounts, periodicity, restrictions for application Others: minimum organic matter content, maximum water content, etc

10. TASK 1 (2/3) 2. Standards on biological treatment operations 2. Standards on biological treatment operations Concrete restrictions, e.g.:  Reduction in odour of exhaust air to less than 300 OU/m 3

11. TASK 1 (3/3) Compost Directive Proposal Compost Directive Proposal

12. Task 2 (month 1 – 24) Inventory on existing methods of characterisation for evaluating process efficiency and compost quality in each participating country

13. TASK 2 (1/3) 1. Methodology for evaluating process efficiency

14. TASK 2 (2/3) 2. Methods of characterisation for evaluating compost quality Standards with the imposition of constraints on compost quality normally refer to standard methods of analysis for evaluating that quality, e.g.: - sampling - heavy metals - pathogenic microorganisms - maturation degree etc.

15. TASK 2 (3/3) Compost Directive Proposal Compost Directive Proposal

16. TASKS 1 AND 2 Participation of other partners

17. Task 3 (month 2 – 9) Development of a characterisation and modelling procedure for efficiency evaluation in the BTPs

18. TASK 3 (1/13) 1.Technical description 2.Pre-BT efficiency evaluation 3.BT efficiency evaluation 4.Post-BT efficiency evaluation 5.Quantification of energy spent in process (WP2) 6.Economic aspects (WP3)

19. TASK 3 (2/13) 1. Technical description  System type  Operating conditions

20. TASK 3 (3/13) 1.Technical description 2.Pre-BT efficiency evaluation 3.BT efficiency evaluation 4.Post-BT efficiency evaluation 5.Quantification of energy spent in process (WP2) 6.Economic aspects (WP3)

21. TASK 3 (4/13) Definition of: i) parameters to be assessed in:  starting material  material undergoing the process (BT)  final materials ii) analytical methods (CEN methods) (CEN methods) iii) sampling procedure

22. TASK 3 (5/13) 2. Pre-BT efficiency evaluation Mechanical and / or manual separation systems Starting material: - MSW - selective collection MSW Final Materials: - biodegradable fraction - inerts fraction

23. TASK 3 (6/13) 2. Pre-BT efficiency evaluation (cont) a) o.m. recovery efficiency - biodegradable materials b) inert materials extraction efficiency - man made inert materials

24. TASK 3 (7/13) 3. BT efficiency evaluation Composting, AD systems Starting material: - SSOW - selective collection MSW - biodegradable fraction MSW Material undergoing the process Final Material: - compost - digestate

25. TASK 3 (8/13) 3. BT efficiency evaluation (cont) a) Biological stabilisation - volatile solids - synthetic and non-synthetic o.m. - Sour test - self-heating test - water content - pH - C/N - air capacity (porosity) ?? - oxygen and carbon dioxide ??

26. TASK 3 (9/13) 3. BT efficiency evaluation (cont) b) Contamination - heavy metals - man made inert materials - organic micropollutants will not be determined

27. TASK 3 (10/13) 3. BT efficiency evaluation (cont) c) Compost characterisation - previous parameters - phytotocixity (germination test) - pathogenic microorganisms (Salmonella, E. coli) - N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Cl, humic compounds, electric conductivity

28. TASK 3 (11/13) 4. Post-BT efficiency evaluation Mechanical separation systems Starting material: - compost - digestate Final materials: - “clean” compost - inerts fraction

29. TASK 3 (12/13) 4. Post-BT efficiency evaluation (cont) a) o.m. recovery efficiency - volatile solids - synthetic and non-synthetic o.m. b) inert materials extraction efficiency - man made inert materials

30. TASK 3 (13/13) 1.Technical description 2.Pre-BT efficiency evaluation 3.BT efficiency evaluation 4.Post-BT efficiency evaluation 5.Quantification of energy spent in process (WP2) 6.Economic aspects (WP3)

31. Task 4 (month 7– 16) Data collection

32. TASK 4 (1/2) Cover a wide range of BTPs, namely:  BT : composting, AD and mixed plants  Different systems for: - composting - AD  Input materials: - MSW - SSOW - selective collection MSW

33. TASK 4 (2/2)  Separation systems for the biodegradable fraction of MSW  Separation systems for man made inert materials PORTUGAL, FRANCE, GERMANY

34. Task 5 (month 10 – 18) Data treatment and models definition

35. Task 6 (month 14 – 23) Calibration of the models with the treated data (task 5) and simulation of several scenarios in relation with WP7

36. Task 7 (month 23 – 24) Proposals for improving the overall efficiency of the BTPs studied, and possible implementation of some of the measures proposed followed by process efficiency assessments

37. DELIVERABLES (1/6): Legislation survey on biological treatment operations, compost use and methods for evaluation of process efficiency and compost quality in the participating countries

38. DELIVERABLES (2/6): New sets of biological treatment data

39. DELIVERABLES (3/6): Methodology for evaluating the overall efficiency of BTP

40. DELIVERABLES (4/6): Unit operation model for the biological treatment channel

41. DELIVERABLES (5/6): Suggestions for improving process efficiency in the BTPs under study

42. DELIVERABLES (6/6): Implementation and assessment of improvement measures of the previous point