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BYZANTINE EMPIRE
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BYZANTINE EMPIRE - BACKGROUND
EASTERN ROMAN EMPIRE ROMAN EMPIRE DIVIDED BY DIOCLETIAN 330 A.D.-CONSTANTINE MOVES CAPITAL FROM ROME TO BYZANTIUM – RENAMED CONSTANTINOPLE Diocletian Constantine
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BYZANTINE RULERS Rulers had ABSOLUTE power
Ruled with COMPLETE Authority No SEPARATION of Church & State
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HEIGHT OF EMPIRE Under rule of Emperor JUSTINIAN 527-565
Built many new CHURCHES Most Important – HAGIA SOPHIA {“HOLY WISDOM”}
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HAGIA SOPHIA “HOLY WISDOM”
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HAGIA SOPHIA
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HAGIA SOPHIA Construction started 532 – finished in 537
Church from Mosque from 1453 – 1931 Reopened as a Museum by Turkey in 1943 World’s largest cathedral until 1520 Designed by two Greek scientists
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BUILDING PROGRAMS Constructed 14 mile stone wall along coastline
Repaired Western Borders Built hospitals, aqueducts Schools, law courts Church Building
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HIPPODROME ENTERTAINMENT for Citizens Free Entertainment CHARIOT RACES
60,000 SPECTATORS
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HEIGHT OF EMPIRE 527-565 EMPEROR JUSTINIAN ACHIEVEMENTS: HAGIA SOPHIA
REBUILT CITY HIPPODROME PRESERVE GRECO-ROMAN CULTURE JUSTINIAN CODE
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JUSTINIAN CODE SINGLE UNIFORM CODE OF LAWS 4 PARTS: 1. CODE 2. DIGEST
3. INSTITURES 4. NOVELLAE
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JUSTINIAN CODE Served Empire for 900 Years All different areas:
MARRIAGE SLAVERY PROPERTY INHEIRITANCE WOMEN’S RIGHTS
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EMPRESS THEODORA
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DIVISION IN CHRISTIANITY
Due to DISTANCE differences emerge LANGUAGE {East-Greek; West-Latin} Byzantine Emperor appointed – PATRIARCH {Leader of Christian Church in Eastern Empire} Head of Church in Western Empire – POPE {Byzantines did not believe POPE had authority}
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DIVISION IN CHRISTIANITY
Other DIVISIONS over time 1054 SCHISM ( permanent split ) West – ROMAN CATHOLIC East – EASTERN ORTHODOX
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The Great Schism Explanation Video
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BYZANTINE MISSIONARIES
BYZANTINE influence in RUSSIA Saint Cyril – developed alphabet for Slavic Languages {CYRILLIC ALPHABET} Translate Bible into Slavic Language
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END OF BYZANTINE EMPIRE
Empire weakens after death of JUSTINIAN (565) RELIGIOUS DIFFERENCES POOR LEADERS PLAGUE FOREIGN INVASIONS EMPIRE ENDS IN 1453 By the OTTOMANS
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