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VCU Information Systems Institute Advanced Delivery Methodology Courtesy of Data Management That Works
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VCU Information Systems Institute Why use a Methodology? l To help use resources wisely l To help ensure that systems meet owners’ and users’ expectations l To help standardize projects so that lessons may be learned can become part of the Enterprise’s culture
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VCU Information Systems Institute Standish Group 1995 Study l They talked to IS executives and managers and evaluated 385 companies in major industries like: banking, manufacturing, retail, health care, insurance, and government. l The research represented 8,380 applications in development or deployed in 1995.
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VCU Information Systems Institute Staggering Statistics l US Organizations spend more than $250 Billion each year on more than 175,000 Information Technology projects. l 31% of these projects will be cancelled, $81 Billion spent without results. l About half of projects cost nearly twice their original estimates (53% & 189%). l About $59 Billion is spent for projects that eventually complete, but exceed original time & cost estimates. l Overall, 16% of software projects are completed on time and in budget, only 9% in largest organizations studied.
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VCU Information Systems Institute More Staggering Statistics l Projects completed by the largest companies have only 42% of originally proposed features and functions. l For smaller companies, 78% reach deployment with at least 74% of their original features and functions.
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VCU Information Systems Institute Factors for Success l The Standish Group found these key factors for excellence in IT project delivery: » User involvement » Clear requirement statement » Executive and management support » Formal methodolgy
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VCU Information Systems Institute Comparison of Methodologies l Traditional Systems Development Methodology » Typical of shops using 3GL » Analyze --> Specify --> Design --> Develop --> Test & Debug --> Deliver l Advanced Delivery Methodology » As practiced by UniData’s professional services teams using SB+ 4GL, postrelational application environment » Expertize in 4GL tools and business processes --> Analysis through Joint Application Design & Prototyping --> Specification --> Dynamic Rapid Application Development --> Quality Assurance by Developer & Acceptor --> Delivery
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VCU Information Systems Institute Traditional Methodology AnalysisDesign System Specification Development Test & Debug Deliverable System Iterations
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VCU Information Systems Institute All too often... AnalysisDesign System Specification Development Test & Debug Deliverable System Iterations
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VCU Information Systems Institute Problems with Traditional Methodology l It is not flexible » End-user is restricted by initial specifications and doesn’t know it until post-delivery » No user buy-in, little influence in specification or design l It is risky » Developers don’t communicate with end-users for most of the design & development trade-offs and decisions » Deliverable systems may ‘miss the boat’ l Long Delivery Cycles » High costs » Not responsive to business needs
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VCU Information Systems Institute A Modern Methodology l Advanced Delivery Methodology (ADM) » Development team knows 4GL environment and is familiar with users’ applications and expectations » Joint Application Design (JAD) workshops involve developers and end-users – Ensure and encourage high end-user involvement and ownership in software design and implementation – Enables ongoing and instant feedback on work-in-progress and deliverable, avoids ‘missing the boat’ – Enhances and develops communications and relationships with the customers (KEY success factor!) – Goal is a prototype, not a deliverable application system
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VCU Information Systems Institute Friendly JAD l Design workshop with developers and end-users Team of Users & Developers do Joint Application Design Developers use Rapid Application Development to prototype systems
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VCU Information Systems Institute Advanced Delivery Methodology l Features software prototyping with minimal commitment to final design » Ensures functional objectives are being met through interim checkpoints » Provides the ability to identify changes in scope quickly and cost-effectively » Encourages user involvement in system design and trade- offs, executives and management see results and costs » Enhances and develops communications with the customers
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VCU Information Systems Institute Dynamic RAD Approach Presentation Reports - Forms - Menus Business Logic Validations - Defaults Navigation Flow - Security Database Schema File Definitions Transaction & Update Definitions
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VCU Information Systems Institute An Application Module Presentation Business Logic Database Schema
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VCU Information Systems Institute Dynamic RAD Presentation Business Logic Database Schema Vertical Prototyping Horizontal Prototyping Order Entry Purchasing Scheduling G/L & Tax
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VCU Information Systems Institute Application Development JAD RAD Development
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VCU Information Systems Institute Development Standards l Feature a set of pre-defined rules and standards for developers to follow » Presentation, navagation, coding, & design standards » Promotes consistency through application life cycle » Encourages use of ‘Best Practices’ by developers » Customization is specifically for each project » Allows continuous enhancement and update
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VCU Information Systems Institute Advanced Delivery Methodology JADRADQA
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VCU Information Systems Institute Quality Assurance l ADM features an easy method to provide QA-on-the-fly » Unit testing rather than module testing » Facilitates easy problem isolation » Minimizes programmiing errors (bugs) » Reduces QA time requirements » Traps significant design issues well in advance
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VCU Information Systems Institute Advanced Delivery Methodology JADRADQA
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VCU Information Systems Institute Structured Project Management l Each phase in the methodolgy is treated as a ‘project’ with: » a particular end-product » a deliverer » an acceptor l The project management process is easily adapted, since the principles remain the same.
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VCU Information Systems Institute Formal Project Management l Utilizes formal procedures: » Estimating » Deliverable Acceptance » Scope Changes » QA & Testing » Project Status Reporting & Tracking l Project Book includes: » Estimating templates, deliverable acceptance, change requests, unit test results, QA checklists, project status reports, project time sheets
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VCU Information Systems Institute Formal Project Management l Tools Include: » Task based estimating » Estimating using formal methods & benchmarks » Project scheduling using Gantt & Pert charts » Monitoring budget vs. actual » Time tracking per task/resource » Progressive, periodical project reporting » Allows early warning on task slippage » Enables delivery on-time & within budget
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VCU Information Systems Institute Advanced Delivery Methodology JAD RADQA System is Delivered
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