1. A Survey of Existing Mid-Atlantic Regional Association Coastal Ocean Observing System MARACOOS Assets Wendell Brown UMass Dartmouth School for Marine Science & Technology 26 September 2011 MARACOOS Fisheries/Ocean Observatory Workshop

2. MARACOOS is built on the framework of the Operational Federal Backbone

3. Federal Operational BACKBONE Measurements

4. Federal Operational BACKBONE Measurements NOAA-NDBC/NWS-CMAN Meteorology (Met) NOAA-NOS Sea Level (SL) NOAA-NOS PORTS Currents-SL-Met NASA & NOAA Surface Temperature Satellite Remote Sensing SST, Color, & SL US Navy FNMOC Meteorology US Navy Surface Waves NOAA-NMFS Fisheries Surveys NOAA-NCEP Ocean Forecasts

5. Federal Operational BACKBONE NOS /Sea Level NDBC /Buoy & NWS / C-MAN Meteorology

6. “Federal” Operational BACKBONE Storm of 2005 | v

7. Federal Operational BACKBONE NOAA C-MAN Met Station : Buzzards Bay Storm of 23 January 2005

8. NASA & NOAA Satellite Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Federal Operational BACKBONE

9. US Navy FNMOC Meteorology: Wind Fields

10. Federal Operational BACKBONE US Navy Surface Waves Forecasts

11. Federal Operational BACKBONE NOAA/NMFS Annual Fisheries Surveys

12. BASIC DATA / INFORMATION PRODUCTS Weather MesonetHF Radar NetworkStatistical STPS Glider SurveysDynamical Ocean Forecasts Satellite Imagery

13. BASIC DATA / INFORMATION PRODUCTS Weather Mesonet

14. BASIC DATA / INFORMATION PRODUCTS Statistical STPS

15. BASIC DATA / INFORMATION PRODUCTS HF Radar Network

16. BASIC DATA / INFORMATION PRODUCTS Satellite Imagery

17. BASIC DATA / INFORMATION PRODUCTS Glider Surveys

18. BASIC DATA / INFORMATION PRODUCTS Dynamical Ocean Forecasts

19. Regional Priority Themes Regional Observation & Modeling Capabilities Weather Mesonet HF Radar Network Statistical STPS Satellite Imagery Glider Surveys Dynamical Ocean Forecasts Theme 1. Maritime Safety Operational Input to USCG SAROPS Operational input to USCG SAROPS SST for survivability planning Assimilation dataset for forecast models Surface currents for SAROPS Theme 2. Ecological Decision Support Weather forecast ensemble validation Circulation and divergence maps for habitat SST & Color for habitat Subsurface T & S for habitat 3-D fields of T, S, circulation for habitat Theme 3. Water Quality Winds for transport, river plumes, & upwelling Surface currents for flotables, bacteria, spill response Ocean color for river plumes Nearshore dissolved oxygen surveys Surface currents for floatables, bacteria, spill response Theme 4. Coastal Inundation Weather forecast ensemble validation Current forecast model validation SSTs assimilation into forecast models Assimilation dataset for forecast models Nested forecast ensembles Theme 5. Offshore Energy Historical analysis & wind model validation Historical current analysis & wind model validation Historical analysis surface fronts & plumes for siting Historical analysis of subsurface fronts & plumes Coupled ocean- atmosphere models for resource estimates DATA & PRODUCTS

20. MARACOOS Fisheries-Related Measurements

21. UMassD / Industry Scallop Surveys MARACOOS Reginal Assets

22. NMFS Surface Drifter Measurements MARACOOS Pre-Operational Assets

23. MARACOOS Embayment Measurements

24. MARACOOS Regional Pre-Operational Assets RI DEM Narragansett Bay Program

25. The annual NAO Winter Index (NAOI) values from 1864 to 2010. The NAOI running mean (bold) shows “decadal” periods of High (red) and Low (aqua)) NAOI preceding the 1968, 1986, and 1996 and 2010 Low NAOIs. LOW NAOI HIGH NAOI A conceptual model of the large-scale response of the Gulf Stream/Slope Water system to the extremes of the NAOI. (left) During Low NAOI, the Gulf Stream shifts southward, accompanied by a westward intrusion of Labrador Slope Water (LSW). (right) During High NAOI, the Gulf Stream and associated Warm Slope Water shifts northward, thus displacing LSW (after Drinkwater et al., 2006). A FISHERIES-RELATED ISSUE: CLIMATE VARIABILITY

26. Climatological average NEFSC bottom temperatures with 6-9 o C Cold Pool waters for(A) 1977-94; (B) 1995-08; and (C) (A)-(B). (Richardson et al., 2010). Smoothed maps of both northern and southern red hake spatial distribution in 5 yr time blocks using inverse distance weighting. Units of biomass are in kilograms per tow. (Nye et al., 2009) CLIMATE VARIABILITY: FISHERIES Cold Pool

27. COLD POOL EVOLUTION : A seasonal sequence of Mid-Atlantic shelf bottom temperature maps based on MARMAP 1979 water property measurements.

28. 28 Observatory (simulated) data Virtual Ocean Design, Testing and Deploy Models Data Assimilation Data Analysis Science Questions & Drivers ~100 m ~3 km Sensor & Platform Data Synthesis: Nowcast & Data Impact Hyperion on EO-1 Bringing MARACOOS Power to bear on the issues!

29. MARACOOS Gliders Measure the Cold Pool

30. The real-time 3-13 Aug 2011 RU-22 temperature transect reveals the Cold Pool. GLIDER’S –EYE VIEW of the COLD POOL

31. The 26 July 2010 HOPS-derived temperature transects showing the Cold Pool; (upper) south of Nantucket (72 o W) and (lower) New Jersey (75 o W). MARACOOS Models Produce Cold Pool Maps

32. Monthly-average ROMS Cold Pool (T< o C) maps; indicating westward inflow through July. MODEL’S –EYE VIEW of the COLD POOL

33. BASIC DATA / INFORMATION PRODUCTS Weather MesonetHF Radar NetworkStatistical STPS Glider SurveysDynamical Ocean Forecasts Satellite Imagery