1. Physical and cognitive development in adolescence
Chapter 11
Physical and cognitive development in adolescence

2. Puberty -sexual and reproductive maturation
sex hormones
_______ (male), _________ (female)
(growth spurt: 12 for girls; 14 for boys)
Body proportions : (boys’ shoulders widen; girls’ hips widen)
____________ makeup: girls gain _______, boys gain more _________
Sexual maturation
Primary sexual characteristics (______________)
____________ –outside of body (pubic hair, genital growth, breast development)

3. Girls – menarche: first menstruation (avg. _____ years)
Boys – semenarche/spermarche (_____________)
____________ – generational change (puberty _____________)
Timing impacted by __________________________________________________ exercise, socioeconomic status

4. Psychological impact of pubertal events
Reactions impacted by __________
____________ – hormones may not be cause; impacted by ____________
Parent-child relationships – more strained; _____________________
Early versus late maturation
Early maturing ______: seen as independent, self-confident, physically attractive, leaders
_____ maturing boys : not well liked , anxious, attention seeking

5. Early maturing girls: _________, unpopular, stressed (less positive body image)
Late maturing girls: lively, sociable, ________________, leaders

6. Health issues anorexia nervosa 90% are ________
Starvation due to _______________
____________________, malnutrition
Caused by individual, family and cultural forces
Hospitalization, family therapy
bulimia- binge purge
Lack ____________
Feel depressed and guilty ____________________
Easier to treat

7. Sexual attitudes and behaviors
attitudes more liberal
a decreasing portion are having intercourse; earlier ages
______ had intercourse by their senior year
more boys than girls at all ages
downward trend in frequency of _______ ___________
# of married teens ___________________

8. Characteristics of sexually active adolescents:
_______ maturation, parental ____________ and divorce, _____ family, _______, poor school performance, lower ________ aspirations

9. Sexual behaviors (continued)
abstinence-focus has appeared to pay off
STDs – _______________________
HIV/AIDS - high risk group
Teenage pregnancy
rates are ____________
Teenage mothers: less likely to _______, more likely _________, likely to be on welfare

10. Health (continued) Substance use and abuse
Decline in smoking, alcohol and substance abuse in past decade
___________:
__________, low income, family mental health problems, parental drug use, lack of parental involvement, ________________

11. Cognitive development
Piaget’s ________________ stage
ability to solve ___________ problems
ability to imagine _____________ in a situation
Consequences of abstract thought
_______________
Egocentricity
______________ – “on stage”
________________ – inflated opinion of own importance ; special and unique

12. C. Cognitive self-regulation D. The imaginary audience
Although Susanna desperately wants to learn how to dive, she refuses to practice at the pool because “everyone will be watching me and laugh because I’m the only one who can’t do it.” Her thinking reflects
A. Idealisim
B. Personal fable
C. Cognitive self-regulation
D. The imaginary audience

13. A. “I really like the way I look now.”
Lorna, an anorexic teenager, has lost so much weight that her bones show clearly, her hair is falling out, and she has stopped menstruating. When she looks in the mirror, she is likely to think
A. “I really like the way I look now.”
B. I just need to lose 10 more pounds.”
C. “If only I could put weight back on.”
D. “Now my parents will be proud of me.”