2. Prepared by: ROBA KANDEEl بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

3.  What a green area?  greenspaces are the 'green lungs' of our towns and cities contributing to improving people's physical and mental health by providing places for informal recreation - walking, cycling, sitting, socialising and children's play - and 'breathing spaces' to take time out from the stresses of modern life. They bring the countryside into our towns and cities, and make it accessible from our 'backdoors'.

6.  principles or criteria define the actual extent  of the Outer Green area concept.:-  o Landscape and landform:  To recognise and protect natural landscape and  landform characteristics of the ridge system on the western side of the city .... o.o.o.o.

7.  principles or criteria define the actual extent  of the Outer Green area concept.:-.  o Indigenous ecosystems and important ecological features:  To recognise and  protect indigenous ecosystems and important ecological features, and in particular  the streams and significant areas of indigenous vegetation from which a more  continuous band of vegetation will grow.

9.  principles or criteria define the actual extent  of the Outer Green area concept.:-  Cultural and historic places:  To recognise and protect important cultural and  historic places and features identified within the Outer Green Belt.

10.  o Recreational places and linkages :  To identify and protect important existing or  potential recreational sites and linkages (entrance points, tracks, routes and  destinations).

11.  o Urban environment edge :  To provide a western edge to the urban environment  and a buffer of mainly open lands between the city’s urban areas and the rural  areas of Makara and Ohariu valleys.

12.  o Continuity and integrity:  To achieve continuity and integrity in the definition and  management of the Outer Green Belt.

13.  o green space founded as :- green corridors like paths, disused railway lines, rivers and canals woods, grassed areas,parks, gardens, playing fields, childrens play areas, cemeteries and allotments countryside immediately adjoining a town which people can access from their homes derelict, vacant and contaminated land which has the potential to be transformed

14.  o green space founded as :-

17.  Benifets of green areas :- _ Recreational _ Reading _ Walking dogs _ Play _ Contemplate _ Cooling in the summer _ Warming in winter _ Restoration to well-being _ Growing food _ Environmental teaching space _ Raise property values _ Community gathering place _ Visual assets _ Urban green space _ Absorb rainwater runoff _ Aesthetic

18.  Benifets of green areas :- _

19. _

20. What are greenways? Greenways are linear open spaces established along a natural corridor such as a river or stream course, or along a railroad or utility right of way, canal or scenic road. Greenways can also be natural or man made trails used for walking and hiking, rollerblading or biking. Recognizing the diversity of greenways, Rhode Island state law defines a greenway as a "corridor of protected open space managed for conservation, recreation or transportation purposes". Greenways are linear open spaces established along a natural corridor such as a river or stream course, or along a railroad or utility right of way, canal or scenic road. Greenways can also be natural or man made trails used for walking and hiking, rollerblading or biking. Recognizing the diversity of greenways, Rhode Island state law defines a greenway as a "corridor of protected open space managed for conservation, recreation or transportation purposes".

22. What do greenways do? Greenways connect…they act as links between parks, nature reserves, wildlife habitats, or historic sites. They also connect people to the land, and communities to each other. Greenways typically have long perimeters and many points of intersection with the surrounding landscape--be it a rural natural area or a built urban environment. This makes it possible for wildlife and people to access the greenway at many points. Trails or bikeway greenways also connect people by affording alternative means for residents to travel between community facilities and destinations

26. What types of greenways are there? Bikeways: Bikeways: Bikeways: Bikeways are among the best known form of greenways., ranking it among the state’s most popular outdoor attractions. Bikeways, trails or foot paths can be established along abandoned rail lines, historic canal tow paths, and other public rights–of–way. In other situations, communities are finding ways for trails and bikeways to share the rights–of–way of active rail lines, streets and highways, and utility corridors. Such greenways offer transportation choices and recreational opportunities for communities that develop them.

29. GREEN STANDARD _ choose a sustainable site _ built to save _ make the site plan work _ design for greeter green _ Take advance of technology _ use alternative material _ integreated with its surrounded