1. What are the net transfers and reactions that define the C cycle in the coastal margins? Air-sea exchange (best known; maybe smallest Large river inputs fairly well known; estuarine exchange overlooked ?? Net internal reactions poorly constrained Margin-open ocean exchange not well understood

2. Measurement laundry list: 1.Do what we already do well in places/times we aren’t doing it enough (More platform and ship of opportunity observations of air and water pCO 2, bio-optical parameters) 2.Pursue emergent sensing technologies to expand parameter measurement suite (e.g. nutrients, TCO 2 ; pH; DOC; trace gases; trace elements; consideration of OA requirements). 3.Develop new technologies to expand our process-level understanding of key rates and transports (C transport; biological rates; tracer and proxy development). 4.Promote C-relevant measurement in OOI, IOOS etc. 5.Don’t lose current capabilities in in-water and satellite remote-sensing!

3. Synthesis and modeling synergies: 1)Development of remote-sensing algorithms to quantify C- cycle transfers and rates. 2)Figure out ways to move beyond concentration/stock measurement to transfers/transformations 3)Seek out under-utilized datasets (requires reaching out to non-traditional entities-- local and state municipalities; EPA; USGS, fisheries-- and assimilation of C-relevant, not just C- specific, data. 4)Work with modeling community to provide key modeling constraints; model-motivated measurement programs. 5)Cross land-ocean (academic) boundaries to incorporate water-shed study with estuarine/coastal-ocean study.

4. Synthesis and modeling synergies, cont’d: 6) Develop collaborations-of-opportunity, e.g. for sampling by researchers who might work in areas of interest, but without technical resources for desired measurements. 7) Incorporate non-aqueous transfers into ocean margin settings (e.g. atmospheric deposition; direct uptake of atmospheric CO 2 by emergent aquatic vegetation). 8)Figure out strategy for dealing with non-point ‘terrestrial’ inputs (marshes, wetlands, sub-marine groundwater discharge. 9)Determine the optimal approach to establishing comparative data-bases; model intercomparisons.