1. ALCOHOL Chapter 8

2. PRODUCTION OF ALCOHOL Anaerobic condition CO 2 Glucose Pyruvate Acetaldehyde Fermentation of yeast Fermentation of yeast

3. PRODUCTION OF ALCOHOL Acetaldehyde NADH NAD + Ethanol

4. ENERGY CONTENT OF COMMON ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES

5. Alcohol Metabolism

6. DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION OF ALCOHOL No digestion required Absorbed by simple diffusion and moves directly into blood stream No specific mechanism required to enter body cells Alcohol damages cell membrane proteins as it enters body cells.

7. ALCOHOL METABOLISM

11. Catalase Found in the liver Minor pathway for alcohol metabolism Catalase H 2 O 2 H 2 O Ethanol Acetaldehyde

12. What to do with Acetaldehyde? Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase Acetyl CoA is non-toxic to body cells

13. Fate of Acetyl-CoA CO 2 + H2O Acetyl-CoAFatty Acid Glucose

14. Moderate Alcohol Consumption Versus Alcohol Abuse Benefits and Problems

17. Problems Associated with Alcohol Abuse Increases 5 of the top 10 causes of death in the U.S. Cirrhosis of the liver Inflammation of stomach and pancreas Hypertension and hemorrhagic stroke

18. Problems Associated with Alcohol Abuse Brain damage and neurotransmitter imbalances Myocardial depression and Arrhythmias Cardiomyopathy Fetal Alcohol Syndrome