1. The Jeremiad Eva Baeyens Karin Forrer Simone Staehelin Nicoleta Stillhart Tabea Würgler Eva Baeyens Karin Forrer Simone Staehelin Nicoleta Stillhart Tabea Würgler

2. Karin Forrer Hallmarks of the Jeremiad  History  Old Testament (Prophet Jeremiah)  New England: Puritan Minister  Structure:  Celebration of Past Glory  Lamentation of Shortcomings  Call to Return to the Original Mission  History  Old Testament (Prophet Jeremiah)  New England: Puritan Minister  Structure:  Celebration of Past Glory  Lamentation of Shortcomings  Call to Return to the Original Mission

3. Tabea Würgler John Winthrop - „A Model of Christian Charity“ (1630)  Leaving the past behind – entering a new future (literally and figuratively)  Looking backward  Difficult times – shortcomings and problems ahead  Return of the original mission  Metaphors  of the body – everybody plays a part – work as one man  ship - shipwreck  Biblical similarities:  People of Israel – „we shall find that the God of Israel is among us“  „we shall be as a city upon a hill“  Entering „covenant with Him for this work“  Punishment vs. Reward  Ending in a hopeful spirit  Leaving the past behind – entering a new future (literally and figuratively)  Looking backward  Difficult times – shortcomings and problems ahead  Return of the original mission  Metaphors  of the body – everybody plays a part – work as one man  ship - shipwreck  Biblical similarities:  People of Israel – „we shall find that the God of Israel is among us“  „we shall be as a city upon a hill“  Entering „covenant with Him for this work“  Punishment vs. Reward  Ending in a hopeful spirit

4. Eva Baeyens William Apess – „An Indian‘s Looking- Glass for the White Man“ (1833)  The Jeremiad is used as a political tool to point out race prejudice against people of colour, particularly Native Americans  Lamentation of the people‘s shortcomings is applied to the white people‘s ill-treatment of the people of colour  A call to return to the original mission – a call to continue working to end prejudice  Celebration of past glory is missing  No prophesy of downfall of society, but a hopeful inspiration „The Lord will reward you, and pray you stop not till this tree of distinction shall be leveled to the earth, and the mantle of prejudice torn from every American heart – then shall peace pervade the Union.“  Typical for the Jeremiad  Quotations from the Bible  Direct address to the reader  The Jeremiad is used as a political tool to point out race prejudice against people of colour, particularly Native Americans  Lamentation of the people‘s shortcomings is applied to the white people‘s ill-treatment of the people of colour  A call to return to the original mission – a call to continue working to end prejudice  Celebration of past glory is missing  No prophesy of downfall of society, but a hopeful inspiration „The Lord will reward you, and pray you stop not till this tree of distinction shall be leveled to the earth, and the mantle of prejudice torn from every American heart – then shall peace pervade the Union.“  Typical for the Jeremiad  Quotations from the Bible  Direct address to the reader

5. Simone Staehelin Frederick Douglass - „What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?“ (1852)  a fiery speech  sharp attacks on the inequities of slavery and racism  rhetoric of the Jeremiad: quotations from the Bible, rhetorical questions -> direct address to the reader  no celebration of past glory, instead:  „America is false to the past, false to the present, and solemnly binds herself to be false to the future.“ (2141)  „This Fourth of July is yours not mine. You may rejoice, I must mourn. (2140)  => Close connections between religious and political affairs!  a fiery speech  sharp attacks on the inequities of slavery and racism  rhetoric of the Jeremiad: quotations from the Bible, rhetorical questions -> direct address to the reader  no celebration of past glory, instead:  „America is false to the past, false to the present, and solemnly binds herself to be false to the future.“ (2141)  „This Fourth of July is yours not mine. You may rejoice, I must mourn. (2140)  => Close connections between religious and political affairs!

6. Nicoleta Stillhart Relation to Other Genres  The conversion narrative:  Oral character  Political situation in America  The problem of migration and racial interactions  Bible references  The novel (fiction):  Beginnings of American mythology: Exceptionalism  The issue of education (Enlightenment)  The conversion narrative:  Oral character  Political situation in America  The problem of migration and racial interactions  Bible references  The novel (fiction):  Beginnings of American mythology: Exceptionalism  The issue of education (Enlightenment)