1. Coaching Science: Oceania 12th World Congress of Sport Psychology, Marrakesh, Morocco - 2009 Cliff Mallett PhD

2. Coaching Science: Oceania

4. Introduction Lack of critical mass Isolated ‘pockets’ of research in coaching UQ plus UWA, Deakin (Aust) + Otago (NZ) Australian government review supports coaching in principle UQ/ASC postgraduate sports coaching programs providing a base for an emerging critical mass NZ - prevailing view is coaching science = biological science therefore little coaching science (Gilbert & Trudel, 2004).

5. Coaching Science: Oceania Introduction Reviewed 29 peer-reviewed articles + 13 theses published between 2004 & 2009 on coaching science: Key areas of research: sport psychology motivation (SDT), autonomy-supportive coaching (SDT), mental toughness; sport & business sport pedagogy high performance coach development, game sense

6. Coaching Science: Oceania Introduction Key publication outlets (29 articles 2004-2009): International Journal of Sport Science & Coaching (12) International Journal of Coaching Science (4) The Sport Psychologist (4) Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy (2) Coaching: An International Journal of Theory, Research, & Practice (2) Journal of Sports Sciences (1) Journal of Applied Sport Psychology (1) Sport, Education, and Society (1) Journal of Physical Education (NZ) (1) Australian Psychologist (1)

7. Coaching Science: Oceania Major Themes Much of the research in Oceania has shifted from what coaches need to know (content) and what they do (behaviour) to how coaches develop their craft (learning), especially how HP coaches learn in a highly contested environment. Moreover, research has shifted to the how and why of coaching practice rather than the what. NZ - coaching as a pedagogical process (coach learning)

8. Coaching Science: Oceania Dominant Approaches to Research Mostly interpretivist approach to examining coaching and the coaching process qualitative in nature (e.g., semi-structured interviews; action research) Lack of positivist research due to lack of appropriate measures (e.g., coach motivation; motivational climate using SDT)

9. Coaching Science: Oceania Dominant Theoretical Frameworks Self-determination theory (SDT; Deci & Ryan, 1985) Autonomy-supportive coaching (Mageau & Vallerand, 2003) Ahlberg et al., 2008; Byrne et al., 2009 Coach Motivation Scale (CMS; McLean & Mallett) Workplace learning (Billett, 2006; Mallett, Rynne et al.) Social-cognitive learning theories that examine the interdependency between agency and structure Coach development (life histories); (Mallett, Rynne et al.)

10. Coaching Science: Oceania Collaborations We are keen to collaborate with international institutions! Within Oceania is limited Minor collaborations: Gilbert (UC-Fresno) & Côté (Queen’s) - life histories Cassidy (Otago) coaches’ learning Future collaborations: Bochum (Germany) - coaches’ learning, MT

11. Coaching Science: Oceania Research Funding Australia: Competitive Grants Federal Government (ARC - Linkage) 3 projects funded in the past 3 years Industry National & State Institutes (AIS & QAS) Individual sports (AFL; FFA showing interest) New Zealand: SESNZ/Sport Academies ONLY source ONLY swim, aths, row, cycling, yachting, triathlon

12. Coaching Science: Oceania Coach Education/Accreditation In NZ, SPARC developed the Coach Development Framework in 2006, which gave autonomy to individual sports to govern themselves including coach education/accreditation In Australia, the ASC (Coaching & Officiating) provides support & guidance to NSO similar to NZ. Potential links with coach accreditation and education with postgraduate programs in sports coaching (UQ/ASC)

13. Coaching Science: Oceania Key Issues NZ: Geographical isolation, limited funds, & lack of critical mass of coaching science scholars limits output Australia: Research agendas driven by individual scholars and institutions - need for a more strategic approach to coaching science

14. Coaching Science: Oceania Future Directions Interested in international collaborations in coaching science research X-cultural research on coaching Faculty exchange &/or visiting academics to UQ Greater links with sports industry - professional and Olympic sports - some Unis are linked with AFL clubs

15. Coaching Science: Oceania Conclusions vvvv