1. North African Campaign By: Jenna Wendorf-Wyss, Alethia Tilford, Tiffany VanEperen

2. Learning intentions: To understand the impact the North African Campaign had on the US and WWII. Success Criteria: Students will know they are successful when they can identify America’s role in the North African Campaign through the use of historical context. IB Americas Terms: ●Region ●Imperialism ●Intervention ●North Africa Campaign

3. Impact/Significance: ●The North African Campaign was America’s first big involvement in the war ●First victory ●Removed threat on oilfields in the Middle East ●helped Britain ward off Germany and Italy from taking over Middle Eastern land ●ensured Britain would not be easily defeated by Axis powers ●Able to gain land in Italy (invasion of Sicily, July 1943) Column of Axis prisoners in African desert, 1942.

4. North African Campaign (What is it?) ●It waged between the years 1940-1943 ●The Axis powers wanted to deprive the Allies access to Middle Eastern resources ●The Campaign consisted of 3 phases (Western Desert Campaign, Operation Torch, and Tunisia Campaign) ●Western Desert Campaign ○ Italy, Germany, and Britain began fighting in North Africa in June 1940 ●Operation Torch ○ US invades North Africa in November 1942 ●Tunisia Campaign ○ Germany and Italy are defeated in Tunisia in May 1943

5. North Africa’s Role ●North Africa had resources that the Allied Powers and the Axis Powers both wanted ●Egypt is the center of North Africa so it was crucial to have control over ●Only “land based fight” that the Allies could take on Axis powers

6. Role of the U.S. Invaded North Africa VICTORY! cornered German troops provided many resources; oil joined forces with Great Britain VICTORY!

7. http://www.history.com/topics/world-war- ii/world-war-ii-history/videos/north-africa- campaign

8. Works Cited “Animate Map: North African Campaign.” BBC NEWS. January 1st, 2014. Accessed September 4th, 2014. http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/interactive/animations/wwtwo_map_n_africa/index.embed.shtml “Column of Axis Prisoners in African desert, 1942.” From Discovery Education. Image. 2005. Accessed September 5, 2014. http://www.discoveryeducation.com/ Churchill, Winston. The 2nd World War: Their Finest Hour. Boston. Houghton, Mifflin, 1950. Volume 2; 369-387. “North Africa Campaign.” HISTORY (A =ENetworks). 2014. Video. Accessed September 9, 2014. www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/world-war-ii-history/videos/north-africa-campaign “US Entry and Alliance.” AETN UK. 2014. Accessed September 9, 2014. “Military Operations in North Africa.” Holocaust Encyclopedia. June 20, 2014. Accessed September 2, 2014. http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10007301 “North Africa.” History. January 1, 2014. Accessed September 8, 2014. http://www.history.co.uk/study-topics/history-of-ww2/north-africa