1. + Test Review WorkPower Energy Simple Machines

2. + Work Work is done when a force is exerted on an object and that object moves some distance in the direction of the force. Work (J) = Force (N) X Distance (m)

3. + Power Power is the rate at which work is done. Power (W) = Work (J) ÷ Time (s)

4. + Energy Energy is the ability to do work or cause change Kinetic Energy is the energy an object has due to its motion. KE = ½ Mass X Velocity 2

5. + Potential Energy PE is stored energy based on the position or shape of an object. Gravitational Potential Energy relates to an object’s height. GPE (J) = Weight X Height Elastic Potential Energy is related to objects that can be stretched or compressed.

6. + Energy Transfer Law of Conservation of Energy: Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred. Describe the energy transfer of the first two hill in this roller coaster.

7. + Simple Machines A machine is a device that allows you to do work in a way that is easier and more effective. There are 6 Simple Machines: Wheel and AxleScrewLever Inclined PlanePulleyWedge

8. + Mechanical Advantage A machine’s mechanical advantage is the number of times a machine increases a force exerted on it. MA = Output Force / Input Force

9. + Pulley A pulley is a simple machine made of a grooved wheel with a rope or cable wrapped around it Fixed Pulley: Changes Direction, not Input Force Moveable Pulley: Changes Input Force, Not Direction The more sections of rope you add (pulleys) the less input force is required

10. + Lever A lever is a rigid bar that is free to pivot, or rotate, at a fixed point The fixed points that a lever pivots around is called a fulcrum First ClassSecond ClassThird Class

11. + Inclined Plane An inclined plane is a flat, sloped surface. MA = Length of Incline ÷ Height of Incline