1. Modulation Chapter 15

2. Modulation Process that results in a shift of tonal center Commonly called a key change

3. Closely Related Keys Keys that differ by no more than one accidental in the key signature and the relative major or minor Example: a minor – Closely related keys are: CM, em, dm, GM, and FM

4. Types of Modulations Common Chord Modulation – Uses a pivot chord that belongs to both keys – Example: vi in DM also functions as the ii in AM Phrase Modulation – One phrase cadences in the original key – The next phrase begins in the new key Chromatic Modulation – One chord tone is raised by ½ step in one voice to introduce the new key – No common chord is used

5. Harmonizing Modulating Melodies Identify the possible keys based on the key signature and its closely related keys Identify the cadences in those possible keys Identify the possible chords for each melody note Choose the harmonic progression that makes the most sense Identify the harmonic rhythm Write a bass line Add alto and tenor lines and non-harmonics

6. Harmonizing a Modulating Melody Things to consider: – 1. Circle progression is important in establishing the key, especially after a modulation – 2. Try to use a common chord when possible. – 3. Start with the cadence and move backward through the melody.