1. World War I Peace Is Reached 12.5

2. Wilson’s Fourteen Points Armistice was only the first step towards peace 1917- Wilson invited scholars to advise him on potential solutions for a treaty –Fourteen Points

3. January 8, 1918 Wilson presented his Fourteen Points to Congress Fourteen Points- proposal to the Allies for a lasting peace for Europe & the World

5. The Fourteen Points Self-determination –peoples right to govern themselves Causes of modern warfare –Secret Diplomacy, Arms Races, Trade Barriers, & Violations of the Seas

6. The Fourteen Points The Final Point –The League of Nations = An international body to prevent future offensive wars = An international body to prevent future offensive wars What present day organization is based off of this idea?

7. The Paris Peace Conference January 18, 1919 Deal with terms of Germany’s surrender Goal: to create a lasting peace throughout the world Germany and Russia not allowed to attend

8. The Big Four USA – –Woodrow Wilson Great Britain – –David Lloyd George France – –Georges Clemenceau Italy – –Vittorio Orlando

9. The Big Four All but Wilson support huge war reparations for Germany Reparations = $ to be repaid. Violates many aspects of Wilson’s 14 Points

10. The Treaty of Versailles signed: June 28, 1919 signed: June 28, 1919 “The terms of peace appear immeasurably harsh and humiliating.” – Sec. of State Robert Lansing

11. Results of the Treaty German colonies & Ottoman Empire divided among the Allies Austro-Hungarian Empire broken apart Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia created Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland re-established

12. Results of the Treaty France re-claimed Alsace-Lorraine Germany disarmed, forced to admit full responsibility for the war, and charged billions in reparations –11 billion = 70 yrs to pay off!!! The League of Nations is created

13. The Treaty Goes to the Senate Democrats would support the treaty Republican support is needed –(Republicans have majority)

14. Irreconcilables  14 Republican Senators who wanted nothing to do with Wilson’s League of Nations  Led by Henry Cabot Lodge Reservationists  35 Republican Senators would support the treaty if it was altered  Did not want to be committed to war in defense of other nations

16. Woodrow Wilson Speaking tour to gain support for the treaty Sept. 25, 1919 – –Wilson complained of a headache in Pueblo, CO Suffered stroke in Washington D.C.

17. The Fate of the Treaty The Treaty of Versailles would never pass through the Senate The United States would never join the League of Nations Wilson goes to deathbed feeling that he lied to American Public

18. The Impact of World War I

19. Statistical Losses Over 8.5 – 10 million died in battle 21 million were wounded World-wide flu epidemic – 500,000 – 20 million die Much of Europe including all of Northern France was left in complete ruin

20. Rapid Inflation Harsh reparations put extreme strains on the German economy Businesses that survived the war could not keep up with demand Rapid inflation, especially in Germany