1. Forms of Business Ownership Business 40 Week 4 Carole K. Meagher 9 February, 2005

2. Agenda Roll call, introductions, project ideas DVD Article analysis Before you leave tonight… I need a roster with your group and project idea Week 4 Lead-in

3. Joe to Go Cluster into your groups Think about your own project while watching this DVD Best practices/Good ideas youll borrow? Lessons learned youll watch out for?

4. Starting your own business Yes, decide what type you want to be and why… Sole proprietorship – just get started! Partnership – pair up with a friend Corporation - function separate from owners

5. Sole Proprietorship Advantages Ease of start/end Be your own boss Pride of ownership Leave legacy Retain profit No special taxes Disadvantages Unlimited liability Limited financial resources Difficulty in managment Time commitment Few fringe benefits Limited growth Limited life span

6. Types of Partnerships General Limited Master Limited Limited Liability

7. Partnership Advantages More financial resources Shared mgmt. Longer survival No Special Taxes Disadvantages Unlimited liability Division of profits Disagreements among partners Difficult to terminate

8. Types of Corporations Regular C S Corporation Limited Liability Companies

9. Corporations Private- Not Traded on Any Stock Exchange Public- Shares Are Traded on 1 or More Stock Exchanges Non-Profit- Performs Public Service, Has Special Tax Considerations To Encourage Formation

10. Corporation Advantages More money for investment Limited liability Separation of ownership/mgmt. Ease of ownership change Perpetual life Size Disadvantages Initial cost Paperwork Two tax returns Termination difficult Stockholder & Board Conflict Double taxation

11. How Owners Affect Management

12. S Corporations No more than 75 shareholders Individual or Estates U.S. citizens or residents 1 class of stock <25% of income can be passive Slower-growing companies Benefits change with new tax rules

13. Limited Liability Companies Advantages Limited Liability Tax Choice Flexible Ownership Rules Flexible Profit & Loss Distribution Operating Flexibility Disadvantages No Stock Limited Life Span Fewer Incentives Taxes Paperwork

14. Why Mergers Dont Work Companies Overpay to Acquire Another Firm Acquiring Company Overestimates Cost Savings and Synergies After Merger, Managers Disagree About Integrating Operations After Merger, Cost Cutting Obsession Hurts Business Costing Top Employees & Customers

15. GMs Ownership In: Source: USA TODAY

16. Types of Mergers Horizontal Vertical Conglomerate

17. Leveraged Buyout Individual + Loan= Purchase of Company Purchase Loan Company = Collateral

18. Franchise System Franchise Agreement Franchisor Franchisee

19. Franchise Contract Franchisor, Inc. Franchisee Branded Product/Service PerformanceMonitoring $$$$$

20. Franchisor Assigns Territory Assigns Territory May Provide Financial Aid/Advice May Provide Financial Aid/Advice Offers Merchandise/ Supplies at Competitive Price Offers Merchandise/ Supplies at Competitive Price Provides Training/Support Provides Training/Support Business Expansion Using O.P.M. Business Expansion Using O.P.M.

21. Franchisee Pays Up-Front Costs Makes Monthly Payment to Franchisor Runs Business by Franchisors Rules/Procedures Buys Materials from Franchisor/ Approved Supplier

22. CompanySinceType# Stores Curves1995 Womens Only Fitness 3,778 Subway1974 Submarine Sandwich 14,800 7-Eleven1964 24-Hr. Convenience 3,761 Taco Bell1964 Mexican Fast Food 5,417 Jani-King1974 Commercial Cleaning 7,843 Fastest Growing Franchises (2002) Source: Entrepreneur, 2003

23. Franchises + Advantages + Management & marketing assistance + Personal ownership + Recognized name + Financial advice & assistance + Lower failure rate - Disadvantages - High start-up costs - Shared Profit - Management regulation - Coattail effects - Restrictions on selling - Fraudulent franchisors

24. Cost of Fast-Food Franchise

25. How to Avoid a Franchise Lemon 1)Research officers & their business experience 2)Get summary of any bankruptcy & litigation 3)Estimate all costs to set up franchise 4)Review franchise contract & three most recent financial statements

26. Benefits of a Home-Based Franchise Flexible work hours Quality lifestyle Doing the work of your choice Opportunity to expand using technology Self-motivation.

27. Franchising & E-Commerce Technology- Faster Customer Service Access to International Markets

28. Cooperatives Farm Cooperative Owned & Controlled by People Who Use It Pool of Resources Economic Power

29. Count off by 3s… 1.Why did Demos decide to start White Wave? What did he think he could do differently/better? 2.Why did Engles want to acquire White Wave? In other words, why was WW growing and Dean foods not growing? 3.Why did Engles keep Demos and his team around? Couldnt he just run the operation with his own people?

30. Break…

31. Small Business Revival Shift to Services CAD/CAM Lessening Advantages of Big Manufacturing Maturation of Baby Boomers More Women in Workforce 19701980 19902000

32. Entrepreneurship Definition Characteristics of Successful Entrepreneurs Intrapreneur Micropreneur vs. Home-Based Corporation Entrepreneur

33. Small Business- Advantages Personalized Service/ Personal Contact Flexibility Lower Costs Innovation Opportunities

34. Small Business-Disadvantages - Limited Experience - Long Hours - Insufficient Capital - High Failure Rate

35. Why People Start Their Own Businesses Source: BFIB/VISA Card Primer

36. Reasons Women Leave Jobs in Big Companies to Start Business Source: FSB, March 2001

37. Self- Perception of Small Business Owners Source: USA Today, 5/20/03

38. Who Starts New Businesses? 18 - 24 8% 25 - 34 71% 35 - 44 13% 45 - 54 6% 55+ 2% AGE AT START-UP

39. Entrepreneurial Attributes A.Self-Directed & Self- Disciplined B.Self-Nurturing C.Action-Oriented D.Highly Energetic E.Tolerant of Uncertainty

40. Hours per Week Entrepreneurs Worked 1st Year 1 - 39 hours 8% 40 - 49 hours15% 50 - 59 hours23% 60 - 69 hours28% 70 - 79 hours13% 80 + hours12%

41. Reasons for Growth of Home-Based Businesses Technology Downsizing Attitudes Tax Advantages

42. Most Common Types of Home-Based Businesses Source: Independent Insurance Agents of America

43. Home Office Owners Challenges New Customers Time Management Work vs. Family City Ordinances Risk Focus Find Opportunity Results vs. Routine Profit vs. Paycheck New Ideas Long Term vs. Short Term

44. Government Efforts Immigration Act of 1990- Investor Visa Enterprise Zones Incubators

45. What is Small Business? Independent Not Dominant < 500 Employees

46. U.S. Small Businesses 20 Million Full/Part-Time Businesses 75% of New Jobs 45% of Gross Domestic Product Jobs 80% of Americans = 1 st Job in Small Business 75% of New Jobs = Small Business Women-Owned Growing Rapidly

47. Small Business Success Learn from Others Get Experience Take Over Successful Firm

48. Successful Business Management Requirements Business Plan Adequate Funding Lenders/Investors Angels Venture Capitalists Professional Advice/Help Know Your Customer Manage Human Resources Keep Good Records

49. Small Business Strategies Examine Marketing & ID Areas for Growth Profile Best Customers & Market to Similar Prospects Invest in Sales Training & Technology Refresh Business Perspective With Outside Views Streamline Business & Eliminate Waste

50. Saving A Business In Trouble React/Not Overreact Understand Financial Situation Find Professional Help Develop Recovery Plan Be Visible Confident Leader Remind Employees of Stake in Business Dont Get Stung By Killer Bankruptcy

51. Capital Sources of Successful Entrepreneurs SOURCE: FSB, March 2001

52. Reasons for a Banker To Say No $I dont know enough about you or your business. $You havent clearly stated why you need the money. $Your numbers dont support the loan request. $Your collateral is lacking. $Your business does not support the loan on its own merits.

53. Small Business Collaborators Small Business Administration (SBA) Microloan program SBICs SBDCs Service Corps of Retired Executives (SCORE) Active Corps of Executives (ACE)

54. Ways to Improve Banking Relationships 1)Provide Bank With Business Plan, Brochures, Business Cards, etc. 2)Describe Business, Financial Situation, Plans 3)Ask About Scope of Bank Services 4)Express Interest In Bankers Background- Family, Hobbies, etc. 5)Follow Up With Phone Calls, Visits Source: St. Louis Business Monthly, August 2002

55. Small Business & International Prospects Positives 1.World Market 2.Absorb Excess Inventory 3.Soften U.S. Downturns 4.Extend Product Life Negatives 1.Financing Difficult 2.How to Get Started? 3.Lack of Cultural Understanding 4.Paperwork

56. International Small Business Advantages Deal With Individuals Faster Shipping Variety of Suppliers Professional Service Information Dept. of Commerce- www.bxa.doc.gov www.bxa.doc.gov SBA- International- www.sba.gov/hotlist/int ernat.html www.sba.gov/hotlist/int ernat.html

57. Week 5 Lead-in Production and Distribution Chapters 9, 15 Weekly assignment… the usual If you are not yet on a group, get into one!