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Published byDina O’Connor’ Modified over 9 years ago
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HAZARDS
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Wind shear Turbulence Icing Lightning Hail 3
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WIND SHEAR TURBULENCE CAT BLOWOFF ROLL CLOUD WIND SHEAR TURBULENCE FIRST GUST TURBULENCE and WIND SHEAR
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5 5-10 mi ( 8-16 km) HEIGHT, (Ft) HEIGHT, (km)
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GUST FRONT
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DOWNBURST APPROACH PROFILE RUNWAY GUST FRONT
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Cb STORM DIRECTION ROLL CLOUD Clear or possibly wind blown dust within turbulent air. Up to 10 miles. First gust, windshear turbulence, and rapid wind changes up to about 6000’ A.G. L. Up to 100 Kts 150 ft. A.G.L.
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LIGHTNING STRIKE
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Copyright Robert A. Prentice, 1992
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11 Low and Mid Level Moisture High Humidity
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Unstable Heat rises Moisture Condenses into clouds as air rises Common with Low Pressure Systems Stable Air sinks Commons with High Pressure Systems 12
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14 Warm /Cold FrontsThunderstorm Outflow Boundaries Lake Breezes
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Varying degrees of the 3 main elements will affect strength of thunderstorms Additional ingredients that affect strength of thunderstorms include Wind Shear Location of Jet Streams Large Scale Weather Pattern 15
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Cumulus Mature Dissipation 16
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Rising currents of air are referred to as an Updraft. When combined with sufficient moisture, towering cumulus clouds develop. 17
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19 Copyright Charles A. Doswell, III
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20 Photo courtesy of Michael Bath Australiasevereweather.com
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21 Photo courtesy of Michael Bath Australiaweather.com
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22 Photo courtesy of Jimmy Deguara Australiasevereweather.com
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Fair Weather Cumulus – Not Enough Instability or Lift to Generate Thunderstorms 23
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24 Photo courtesy of Jimmy Deguara Australiasevereweather.com
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25 Photo courtesy of Jimmy Deguara Australiasevereweather.com
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Moisture will condense out of the cloud causing rain, thunder, and lightning. This marks the Mature Stage of the thunderstorms when the updraft and downdraft co- exist together. 26
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27 Copyright Marty Feely, 1990
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The updraft will eventually overcome the downdraft, causing the thunderstorm to weaken. The thunderstorm is now in the Dissipation Stage. 28
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Single Cell Multicell Cluster Linear Multicel (Squall Line) Supercell 35
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36 SINGLE CELL
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37 Multi Cell Cluster
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38 Copyright Alan R. Moller
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41 Multi Cell Linear
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DRY AIR INFLOW MOTION OF STORM GUST FRONT WARM AIR INFLOW COLDAIR OUTFLOW FAST-MOVING CELLS
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43 Multicell line: shelf cloud
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SUPERCELL THUNDERSTORM SWNE PRECIPITATION-FREE BASE WALL CLOUD PRECIPITATION CLOUD BASE STRIATIONS SHELF CLOUD CUMULONIMBUS MAMMATUS CLOUD ANVIL OVERSHOOTING TOP FLANKING LINE
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SOUTHWESTWESTNORTHWEST Super Cell
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VERTICAL WIND SHEARS
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51 Supercells – upper level features
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52 Supercells – mid level features Main storm tower Flanking line
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Elevated Thunderstorms Low Level Jet N S Stable Unstable
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Occur to the north of a surface warm front. Most common type of thunderstorms from late fall through the winter. Common at night during the spring and summer. Biggest hazards are heavy rainfall and hail. Strong wind gusts are usually infrequent due to the stable layer near the ground. Typically occur in multi cell clusters. Widespread flooding events are usually caused by these systems.
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National Convective Weather Forecast Radar CCFP (Collaborative Convective Forecast Product) 2, 4, 6 hour forecasts Center Weather Advisories and Meteorological Impact Statements Watch/Warning Map Severe Weather Products Mesoscale Discussions Day 1, 2 and 3 convective outlooks 57
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58 THE END
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