1. Nguyen Thi Huong Lien - Hirota Lab 1/10 Echo Hiding using Exponential Time-spread Echo Kernel (ETEK-EH) and Its Applications to Audio Digital Watermarking and Speaker Recognition Proposed ETEK - EH Digital Watermarking for Music Two channel DW based on ETEK-EH & LSB Speaker Recognition System Trapezoid Fuzzy Similarity Personal Identification Voice ETEK-EH Overview Application 1 Application 2 (A data hiding method)

2. Nguyen Thi Huong Lien - Hirota Lab 2/10 + t t t EH [D. Gruhl et al, 1996] Conventional Echo Hiding

3. Nguyen Thi Huong Lien - Hirota Lab 3/10 Echo Hiding using Exponential Time-spread Echo Kernel (ETEK-EH) Single Echo Method [D. Gruhl et al, 1996] Room Reverberation Single echo kernel

4. Nguyen Thi Huong Lien - Hirota Lab 4/10 ETEK-EH: Experimental Results Retrieval rate and Sound quality Music Data: 10 clips (44.1 kHz, 30s~90s) Embedded Information: 26x26 image Single echo ETEK Retrieval rate comparison of the proposed method and conventional single echo method on 10 music clips Retrieval Rate Music Clip Percentage (%) 1 2 3 4 5 The proposed method=4.57 The conventional method=3.86 (7 young people SONY, MDR-CD900ST) Sound evaluation

5. Nguyen Thi Huong Lien - Hirota Lab 5/10 Application to Digital Audio Watermarking: Two Channel Digital Watermarking for Music based on ETEK Easy copy Copyright Problems Robustness Capacity Digital Watermarking: Trade-off Embedding Process 2channel separation Segment- tation Segment- tation Method 1 Method 2 based on ETEK Encoding Re- segment Re- segment 2channel unification original music signal watermarked music signal watermark length watermark bits Extracted watermarks: (a) channel 1 (b) channel 2 Imperceptibility

6. Nguyen Thi Huong Lien - Hirota Lab 6/10 Experiments Comparison Methods & Measurement 1. Least Significant Bit [Yeh, 2004] 2. Single EH [Gruhl, 1996] 3. Multiple EH [Oh, 2001] 4. Negative EH [Foo, 2001] 5. Backward and Forward EH [Kim, 2003] 6. ETEK-2 Channel Method 30 clips (8 genres, 44.1 kHz, 16bit) Watermarking using 6 methods Applying SMBA 42 attacks Sound Evaluation Objective Difference Grade （ ODG) [ITU-R BS.1387, 2001] EAQUAL Software Robustness against Attacks StirMark Benchmark for Audio (SMBA) [Andreas, 2005] 42 attacks Measurements for comparing different methods

7. Nguyen Thi Huong Lien - Hirota Lab 7/10 Two Channel Digital Watermarking for Music based on ETEK: Experiment Results LSB [Yeh, 2004]Single EH [Gruhl, 2001]Multiple EH [Oh, 2001] Negative EH [Foo, 2001] Backward & Forward EH [Kim, 2003] Proposed ETEK-2channel

8. Nguyen Thi Huong Lien - Hirota Lab 8/10 Application to Speaker Recognition Speaker Recognition based on PIV & TFS 8/16 Nearest Centroid Neighbor TFS=Trapezoid Fuzzy Similarity Personal Identification Voice (PIV) = Record 3 times/person 8 voice features Proposal Application Voice from 24 users/ 3 times Increase recognition accuracy

9. Nguyen Thi Huong Lien - Hirota Lab 9/10 Application to Speaker Recognition Security Enhancement for SR by ETEK-EH 9/16 Watermark exists Fail Proposal

10. Nguyen Thi Huong Lien - Hirota Lab 10/10 Conclusion Two channel DW based on ETEK & LSB for Music ETEK for EH Speaker Recognition System Improve security of SR by ETEK Digital Watermarking: EH with ETEK: robust against attacks, natural sound quality Copyright Protection for Music Speaker Identification: New features, trapezoid fuzzy similarity: better performance ETEK to improve security for SR A data hiding method