1. Examples: insects, crustaceans, arachnids, centipedes, millipedes
Chapter 31: Arthropods
Examples: insects, crustaceans, arachnids, centipedes, millipedes

2. Most diverse phylum

3. Features of Arthropods
“Jointed” appendages
Segmented body: head, thorax, abdomen,
cephalothoraxes – fused head and thorax – (arachnids)

4. Eyes of Arthropods Compound eyes – eye with many units
Simple eyes – Single lens, see light and dark only, not image

5. Exoskeleton
Made of chitin
Purpose:
Molting – shedding exoskeleton

7. Respiration Varies from group to group.
Examples: trachea with spiracles
Gills (aquatic)
Book lungs (arachnids)

9. Open Circulatory System

10. Excretory System
Malpighian tubules – sort of like our kidneys. Structures that filter blood.

11. I. Arachnids-unique characteristics
Examples: spiders, scorpions, ticks, daddy long legs
Eight legs
2 body segments: cephalothorax, abdomen
Chelicerae – fangs
Breath by using book lungs or tracheal tubes

12. Unique Feeding of Spiders
Spiders can bite
All have venom
Spin web for capture

13. Brown Recluse

14. Brown Recluse

15. Wolf Spider

16. Tarantula

18. Camel spider

20. Scorpions
Poisonous Stinger, Nocturnal

21. Household Dust mite
                                     

22. II. Insects Largest group on earth 3 Body sections:
Head – mouthparts, antennae
Thorax- 3 pairs of legs
abdomen – spiracles- organs for breathing, open to tracheal tubes

23. Insect life cycle Metamorphosis – physical change
Two types – complete and incomplete
Complete –
1. Larva
2. Chrysalis- cocoon
3. Pupa – inside cocoons
4. Adult

24. Pupa stage with chrysalis

25. Adult stage

26. Incomplete Metamorphosis
Less of a change
Egg
Nymph – a smaller version of the adult with no wings
Adult

27. Success of Insects Found everywhere
Short life span, adapt to change quickly
Flight –
Elaborate social systems

29. Head Lice

30. III. Crustaceans
Examples: crayfish, lobsters, pill bugs, crabs, barnacles
Use gills

31. IV: Millipedes and centipedes
2 pair of legs per segment
Herbivores
1 Pair of legs per segment
Painful bite

33. Ch. 32 Echinoderms

34. Features of Echinoderms
Spiny, marine invertebrates
Endoskeleton – purpose is for protection, muscle attachment
Ossicles with spines
Begin as bilateral, free-swimming larvae

35. Features of Echinoderms
Radial symmetry as an adult

36. Water Vascular System System of canals
Used for locomotion, feeding and gas exchange
Water flow through canals:
Madreporite
Ring canal
Radial canals
Tube feet – used for locomotion

39. Ventral surface of sea star

44. Additional Characteristics
Nervous system: ring of nerves, eyespots
Ability to regenerate
Diet – hetertrophs: corals, worms, mollusks
Some are herbivores

47. Wrap up
Echinoderms
Seastars
Brittle stars
Sea urchins
Feather Stars

48. Group 1: Sea Stars

49. Brittle Stars
Highly flexible arms, no anus, also feet on detritus – bottom dweller, regeneration

50. Feather Stars
Not sessile, but like to be, sticky arms, nocturnal

51. Sea Cucumbers
Regeneration of organs, tube feet

52. Sea Urchins
Scrape algae off of rocks, sponges, tube feet