1. Phylum Arthropoda: Jointed Foot

2. Importance

3. -8 out of 10 animals are arthropods

4. -invaded every known ecosystem

5. -reproduce by the millions

6. -millions spent eliminating them

7. Taxonomy and Organization

8. Subphylum Chelicerata
Phylum Arthropoda
Subphylum Trilobita
Subphylum Uniramia
-Class Insecta
-Class Diplopoda
-Class Chilopoda
Subphylum Chelicerata
Subphylum Crustacea
-Class Merostomata
-Class Arachnida
-Class Cirripedia
-Class Malacostraca

9. Arthropod Characteristics

10. 1. Exoskeleton: made of chitin
-Molting: shedding the exoskeleton

11. 2. Segmentation: head, thorax, abdomen (tagmatization)

12. 3. Paired and jointed appendages

13. 4. Metamorphosis – changing of the body forms throughout life cycle

14. 5. Well developed sensory organs
-compound eyes -antennae -pheromones

15. 6. Prolific reproduction: short life span + high reproduction = rapid evolution

16. 7. Complex behaviors and social interactions

17. Subphylum Trilobita: The trilobites
-first arthropods -dominant in the Paleozoic Era -all extinct -no known ancestry

18. Subphylum Chelicerata: 2 Classes

19. Class Merostomata: horseshoe crabs

20. Class Merostomata: horseshoe crabs
-circular shaped exoskeleton -five pairs of walking legs -small pair of chelicera (pinchers) -telson: long, triangular spiked tail -blue blood, used to test commercial drug purity

21. Class Arachnida: scorpions, spiders, mites, and ticks

22. -cephalothorax: head and thorax combined

23. -chelicera: fangs found in arachnids

24. -pedipalp: specialized feeding appendages

25. -book lungs: specialized respiratory organs

26. -ticks: blood sucking parasites; cause Lyme’s disease and Rocky Mt
-ticks: blood sucking parasites; cause Lyme’s disease and Rocky Mt. Spotted fever

27. -scorpions: the oldest known terrestrial arthropods

28. Specimens:
-black widow spider -black and yellow argiope -brown recluse -wolf spider -rose hair tarantula -mexican white-kneed tarantula -wood tick -emperor scorpion -desert scorpion

29. Subphylum Crustacea: 2 Classes

30. Class Cirripedia: barnacles
-adults are sessile; attach to whales, rocks, wood -protected by a calcareous shell -cirri: appendages used to gather food Specimens: giant barnacles, goose necked barnacle

31. Class Malacostraca: crabs, lobsters, crayfish, and shrimp
-ten walking legs -mostly marine -sexes are separate -open circulatory system

32. Specimens:
-Blue crab -hermit crab -emerald crab -marsh crab -reef lobster -crayfish -fiddler crab

33. Subphylum Uniramia: 3 Classes

34. Class Chilopoda
-arthropods with segmented, elongated bodies -one pair of legs per body segment Ex. Centipedes

35. Class Diplopoda
-two pairs of legs per body segments

36. Class Insecta: Entomology: the study of insects
-75% of all animal biodiversity are insects -biologists estimate that only 1/50th have been identified

37. Characteristics:

38. 1. Three body segments

39. 2. Three pairs of legs

40. 3. One pair of antennae

41. 4. Most have two pairs of wings – key to their success

42. 5. Metamorphic life cycle

43. Negative Impact of Insects

44. 1. Pests/tormentors: flies, gnats, mosquitoes

45. 2. Disease vectors: mosquitoes, flies

46. 3. Agricultural damage: crops and food

47. 4. Property Damage: termites and ants

48. Positive Impacts of Insects

49. 1. Plant Pollinators: mutualistic relationship
1. Plant Pollinators: mutualistic relationship. 65% of all plants are pollinated by insects

50. 2. Ecological Importance: foundation of the food web

51. 3. Economic Impact: honey, wax, dye, biodiversity

52. Insect Orders: most end in “ptera” - wing

53. Order Lepidoptera: “scale wing”
-insects with two pairs of wings covered by colorful scales -moths and butterflies Ex. Monarch butterfly, polyphemus moth, luna moth, underwing moth

54. Order Coleoptera: “sheath wing”
-insects with a hardened pair of forewings -the beetles Ex. Colarado potato beetle, stag beetle, June beetle, Japanese beetle

55. Order Hymenoptera: “membrane wing”
-insects with two pairs of transparent wings -most carry toxins in their stinger Ex. Honey bee, bald-faced hornet

56. Order Orthoptera: “straight wing”
-insects with straight wings Ex. Differential grasshopper, lubber grasshopper, red-legged grasshoppers

57. Order Diptera – “two wings”
-insects with one pair of transparent wings Ex. Horsefly

58. Order Odonata: “toothed”
-predatory insects with large mandibles and two pairs of transparent wings Ex. Green darner