1. Waves – from GCSE What you need to know before you move into AS waves

2. Light Rays Can be reflected off materials Can be refracted by passing from a materials of one density into another material of a different density Travel in straight lines at 3 x 10 8 m/s Can show total internal reflection which is used in optic fibres

3. Wave Definitions Waves transfer energy There are two types of waves – transverse and longitudinal You need to know the definitions of wavelength, frequency, amplitude and speed

4. Reflection

5. Refraction

6. Wave definitions

7. Wave Definitions

8. Frequency f is the number of waves that occur every second. It is measured in Hertz Hz The Period T of a wave is how long it takes for one wave to occur (measured in seconds) F = 1/T

9. Wave Definitions - speed Speed = frequency x wavelength V = f λ

10. Light Visible light waves are the only electromagnetic waves we can see. We see these waves as the colors of the rainbow. Each color has a different wavelength. Red has the longest wavelength and violet has the shortest wavelength. When all the waves are seen together, they make white light.

11. The Spectrum