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Physics 11 Chapter #8 Vibrations and Waves Mr. Jean May 28 th, 2012
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The plan: n Video Clip of the day n Science Fair Presentations n Introduction to waves n Ways to transmit & transfer energy n Wave interference
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Science Fair: n Cher n Abby’s Group
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In symbolic form or
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Example Question: n A mass suspended from the end of a spring vibrates up and down 24 times in 36 seconds. What is the frequency and period of the vibration?
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Example Question: n A mass suspended from the end of a spring vibrates up and down 24 times in 36 seconds. What is the frequency and period of the vibration?
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Wave Characteristics: n http://www.brightstorm.com/scienc e/physics/vibration-and- waves/wave-characteristics/ http://www.brightstorm.com/scienc e/physics/vibration-and- waves/wave-characteristics/ http://www.brightstorm.com/scienc e/physics/vibration-and- waves/wave-characteristics/
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3.WAVE MOTION n n Energy is transported by particles or waves. n n A wave is a disturbance transmitted through a medium. n n Exception: light does not require a medium.
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4.WAVE SPEED The average speed is defined as
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For a wave, if the distance traveled is a wavelength ( ), then the time to travel this distance is the period (T). Then or
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is true for all waves. Note: v is dictated by the medium. (must change medium to change v) f is dictated by the source. (must change the source to change f ) Demo - Complete Bell Wave Machine
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5.TRANSVERSE WAVES Demonstration: Transverse Waves Examples: string musical instruments ripples on water electromagnetic waves
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6.LONGITUDINAL WAVES Video - Slinky Longitudinal Waves Parameters Rarefactions are regions of low density. Compressions (condensations) are regions of high density. is the distance between successive rarefactions or successive compressions.
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7.INTERFERENCE Video - Superposition of Waves SlideSlide - Interference Slide
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Constructive interference occurs when waves are in phase, that is when crests are superimposed and troughs are superimposed.
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Destructive interference occurs when waves are out of phase, that is when crests are superimposed with troughs.
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Interference is a characteristic of all waves. Demonstrations with Audacity
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Standing Waves n n When two sets of waves of equal amplitude and wavelength pass through each other in opposite directions, it is possible to create an interference pattern that looks like a wave that is “standing still.” It is a changing interference pattern. n Demo - Rope and strobe n Demo - Mechanical overhead model
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n There is no vibration at a node. n n There is maximum vibration at an antinode. is twice the distance between successive nodes or successive antinodes.
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