1. The Rise of Rome
World History
Chapter 8

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The geographic feature describing Italy

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The mountains that run north to south in Italy

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The mountains located to the north of Italy

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The river that flows through Rome

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The water body located to the east of Italy

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The water body located to the south of Italy

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The water body located to the west of Italy

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The reason Rome was built on seven hills

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By legend, the twin brothers who founded the city of Rome

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They rescued and raised the founders of Rome

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The first king of Rome

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The author of the Aeneid

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The “father” of the Roman people

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Three major groups of people in early Italy

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The Romans learned this from the Greeks

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The Etruscans changed the architecture in Rome by doing this

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Some of the daily activities of the early Etruscans

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The type of dress introduced to the Romans by the Etruscans

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Two advantages of the Romans being under the rule of the Etruscans

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In a republic, they have the real power

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The overthrow of these people led to the beginning of the Republic of Rome

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The qualifications for serving in the Roman army

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The fate of those who deserted the Roman army

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Changing to legions allowed the Roman army to do this

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The purpose of the Roman soldier’s standard

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Another name for the Roman short sword

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Another name for the Roman soldier’s spear

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The Roman soldier’s plan as they entered new territory

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Four benefits under the Roman Confederation

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The wise strategy utilized by the Romans to prove they were clever rulers

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The number of soldiers making up a legion

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The number of 60-soldier groups that a Roman legion could be divided into

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The number of 120-soldier groups that a Roman legion could be divided into

35. Section 2

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The nobles who made up the ruling class of Rome

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The class of people in Rome that were made up of artisans and small farm owners

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The majority of Romans belonged to this class

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The major difference between the two classes of people in Rome

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The major islands Rome conquered during the early years of the Republic

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Two physical features that explains why Rome did not expand further north

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The reason two consuls were chosen each year to head the government and the army

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The Latin word for veto

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The main job of the praetors

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The branch of government of Rome’s Senate

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The role of Rome’s Senate

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This body elected consuls and praetors and passed laws

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This group made up the majority of the legislative bodies

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The action made by the plebians to get the attention of the patricians

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The most important reform made by the Council of the Plebs

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The role of women in the early Roman Republic

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The main reason a dictator was chosen by the Roman Republic

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The best known early dictator of Rome and his job prior to becoming a dictator

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The similarities between Rome’s first dictator and the first president of the U.S.

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The first code of laws for Rome

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Another name for the Forum

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The reason for the need of the Law of Nations

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The underlying basis for our legal system today

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The land area of Carthage was founded by these earlier people

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The largest and richest city in the western area of the Mediterranean

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The Punic War was fought between these two powers

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Punicus is the Latin word which means this

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The island taken over by the Romans as a result of the First Punic War

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The greatest general of Carthage

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The move into this country outraged the Romans

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The greatest obstacle for Hannibal in making his way into Italy

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The winner of the Second Punic War

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The three outcomes for the defeat at Zama

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The war in which Carthage became a province of Rome

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The reason the Romans called the Mediterranean
mare nostrum

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The three ways Rome punished Carthage after the Third Punic War

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Question for Thought: Why do you think Cincinnatus is so honored for his behavior as dictator?

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The reason farmers were in heavy debt

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The land owners used this to help with their large farming estates

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Another name for the large farming estates

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The Roman farmers became poor in the 100 B.C. because of this

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The idea of “bread and circuses” helped these people

78. FYI
The Roman “circus” referred to in the policy of “bread and circuses” was not like the circus of today. Instead, it was a great arena that held spectators who came to see chariot races, footraces, and fights to the death between gladiators.

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The problem as identified by Tiberius Gracchus and Gaius Gracchus

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The fate of Tiberius and Gaius

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Marius used this as a “selling point’ in recruiting new soldiers

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He would become a rival of Marius

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The role that Sulla would declare for himself

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Sulla’s actions caused this to happen in Rome

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They formed the First Triumvirate

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In the First Triumvirate, he was the military leader

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Senators thought Caesar was becoming too popular for this reason

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Crassus had a responsibility to this area

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Pompey had a responsibility to this area

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Small river at the southern boundary of Caesar’s command

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“Crossing the Rubicon” means this

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Caesar destroyed Pompey’s army in this country

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This was unusual in Caesar becoming the dictator of Rome

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Four major reforms made by Caesar

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The two senators who plotted Caesar’s death

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The reason the senators wanted to rid themselves of Caesar

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The date of the “Ides of March”

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The fate of Caesar

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The grandnephew of Caesar

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The two generals who would work with Caesar’s grandnephew

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These men made up the Second Triumvirate

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This member of the Second Triumvirate who took control of the western side of the Roman Empire

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This member of the Second Triumvirate who took control of the eastern side of the Roman Empire

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Cleopatra VII was from this country

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The reason Octavian declared war on Antony

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This battle was the beginning of Antony and Cleopatra killing themselves

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He would set up the Roman Empire

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Three roles of Cicero

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Octavian’s government reflected the ideas of Cicero in this way

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The title Octavian gave to himself

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The name Octavian would go by

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The time of Pax Romana began under his reign as emperor

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The 8 major reforms made under Augustus

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He said “I found Rome a city of brick and left it a city of marble.”

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The wife of Augustus

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This word means the same as proconsul

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The method for choosing a successor to Augustus

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The four emperors to follow Augustus (in order)

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Under this emperor, Britain was conquered

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These emperors following Augustus who were not kind to the Roman people

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The strangest thing about the reign of Emperor Caligula

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This emperor “fiddled while Rome burned”

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The fate of Nero

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This emperor restored peace to Rome following Nero

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This natural disaster occurred under the reign of Titus

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The city destroyed by the volcanic eruption

127. One historian’s thought on Mount Vesuvius
“Day was turned into night, and light into darkness; an inexpressible quantity of dust and ashes was poured out, deluging land, sea, and air, and burying two entire cities, Herculaneum and Pompeii.”
By the time Vesuvius quieted again, Pompeii had almost disappeared, buried under 20 feet of ash, stone, and debris.

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These 5 emperors were known as the “good emperors”

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This emperor gave money to help parents educate their children

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The purpose of an aqueduct

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This was the essential part of nature that helped the aqueducts work properly

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The two main languages spoke in the Roman Empire during the A.D. 100s

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This emperor made the Roman laws easier to understand

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The trade items that came from the various regions of the empire

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This protected Rome’s interest in the Mediterranean

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These two things made it easier for people to price goods and trade

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The creation of Rome’s common currency advanced this throughout the empire

138. Conclusion This concludes the study on the early Roman Republic.
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