1. Joint USAID-NASA GSFC Food and Water Security Activities Water Resources, Food Security and Agriculture GPM applications meeting Amy McNally amy.l.mcnally@nasa.govamy.l.mcnally@nasa.gov Kristi Arsenault, Christa Peters-Lidard, James P. Verdin NASA LIS team June 10, 2015 1

2. Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) Approach 2 Real-time weather & early warning Agricultural assessments Household production of income & food Household consumption of income & food Coping strategies Water & sanitation conditions Healthcare Health conditions, morbidity

3. Remotely sensed rainfall is essential for USAID applications in data poor regions  NOAA CPC RFE2 and ARC2 for near real-time monitoring in Africa.  TRMM and downscaled ERA-Interim recommended by collaborators for Middle East analysis  New, near real-time USGS CHIRP rainfall is available at 0.05 degree 1981-present (see poster) 3

4. Rainfall used to force land surface models 4 Water & energy balance outputs

5. 5 (dekads) Sep 10 Sep 20 Sep 30 <Aug 31 Oct 10 Oct 20 Oct 31 Nov 10 Nov 20 Nov 30 Dec 10 Dec 20 Dec 31 Undefined CPC RFE2TRMMV7 (3B42)CMORPH Krisiti Arsenault GSFC First dekad (~10 day period) with >25 mm of total rainfall followed by a combined total of >20 mm in the following two dekads (AGRHYMET 1996).

6. Food Security is more than agricultural monitoring 6 Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) Approach Real-time weather & early warning Agricultural assessments Household production of income & food Household consumption of income & food Coping strategies Water & sanitation conditions Healthcare Health conditions, morbidity

7. 7 http://www.thevoicebw.com/2015/01/16/gaborone-dam-levels-drop/ Example: Botswana water crisis 2015

8. Dec 30 2008 (Google Earth)

9. Aug 6 2014

10. Weekly Hazards Assessment

11. Drought Classification based on Feb soil moisture percentiles (1981-2015) Weekly Hazards Assessment 2015 2013 2011 2007 20142012 20102009 2008 2006 2005

12. How does 2015 compare to other years? Drought Classification based on Feb soil moisture percentiles (1981-2015) drought severity index 2013 and 2015 are part of a longer drought, like 2002- 05 when the Gaborone dam reached 16% Drought Classification based on Feb soil moisture percentiles (1981-2015) 2015 2013 2011 2007 20142012 20102009 2006 2005

13. Summary  IMERG/GPM may be an important additional source of information for near real-time monitoring.  The LIS team is implementing capabilities for GPM inputs, making them available for the FLDAS land surface models.  Longer term analysis, however, will have to be done with other rainfall products, until there is consistency with TRMM.