1. General Histology Epithelium Blood

2. Fertilization: formation of zygote

3. Cleavage: becoming multicellular

4. Gastrulation: fomation of 3 primary tissues – ectoderm, endoderm, mesoderm

5. Tissues of adult organism A tissue is defined as a group of similar cells with their extracellular products, specialized in common direction and set apart for the performance of a common function About 200 types of specialized cells in adult human body are arranged into 4 main tissues: Epithelium Blood and connective tissues Muscular tissues Nervous tissues Tissue formation is called Histogenesis Tissues are studied in General Histology course

6. Epithelium

7. Epithelium hallmarks Epithelium covers body surfaces, lines body cavities, and constistutes glands, therefore it is subdivided into lining and glandular Epithelium creates a selective barrier between the external environment and the underlying connective tissue The cells predominate, they are closely apposed and adhere to one another by means of special junctions Their basal surface is attached to an underlying basement membrane Apical surface may contain nicrovilli and cilia

8. Classification of lining epithelia

9. Location of different types epithelium SIMPLE Lining of vascular system SQUAMOUS Lining of body cavities Bowman`s capsule Lining of lung alveoli SIMPLE Small ducts of exocrine CUBOIDAL glands Surface of ovary Kidney tudules

12. Location of different types epithelium SIMPLE Lining of small intestine COLUMNAR: and colon Stomach and gastric glands Lining of gallbladder PSEUDO- Lining of trahea and bronchi STRATIFIED Lining of ductus deferens Efferent ductules of epididymis

15. Location of different types epithelium STRATIFIED Epidermis SQAMOUS: Lining of oral cavity and esophagus Lining of vagina STRATIFIED Sweat glands, ducts CUBOIDAL: Lager ducts of exocrine glands Anorectal junction

19. Location of different types epithelium STRATIFIED Largest ducts of exocrine COLUMNAR: glands Anorectal junction TRANSITIONAL: Renal calyces Ureters Urinary bladder Urethra

23. Specialized surfaces of epitheliocytes Apical specializations: - microvilli and cilia Lateral specializations: - zonulae occludentes - zonulae adherentes - maculae adherentes - gap junctions Basal specializations: - hemidesmosomes - basal striations

24. Microvilli and terminal web

25. Structure of a cilium

26. Electron micrographs of cilia

27. Lateral specializations of epitheliocytes

28. Classification of glands

29. Multicellular exocrine glands classifiication

32. Modes of secretion: A – holocrine; B – merocrine; C - apocrine