1. USHC 2.1 & 2.2
USHC-2.1 Summarize the early development of representative government and political rights in the American colonies, including the influence of the British political system, the rule of law and the conflict between the colonial legislatures and the royal governors. (P, H)
USHC-2.2 Explain the impact of the Declaration of Independence and the American Revolution on the American colonies and on the world at large. (H, P, E)

2. Representative Government
The Colonists were use to ruling themselves.
During early Colonization Transatlantic travel was very difficult.
Later the founding countries only had a monetary interest in the colonies.
The Enlightenment encouraged the common good.
Social Contact
Citizens are born with freedom but give up certain freedoms and empower government to maintain order for the good of society (Howard,30-31)

3. Representation in the Colonies
House of Burgesses
2 houses: 1 appointed by the royal governor and 1 elected by the people
Colonial Governors vs. Colonial Legislatures
Governors had royal authority
Legislatures passed laws, levied taxes, and set salaries of royal officials
What kinds of tension would this create? (Howard, 31)

4. British Interests Mercantilism French and Indian War
Britain wanted to consistently export more than they imported.
As long as the British were getting what they wanted from the colonies, they did not get involved in day to day life.
French and Indian War
Afraid that the French or Indians would take over the Ohio River Valley/ Northwest Territory, the British went to war against these groups.
The war created large amounts of debt for the British (Howard, 32)

5. British Interests cont.
The British needed to protect its economy so they pass the Navigation Acts.
These acts prohibited the use of foreign shipping and trade.
When Americans tried to get around these acts, the British began to pass tougher laws and additional taxes (Howard, 32-35)

6. American Response
The more taxes and laws that Britain passed, the more the Americans resented the British Governors and Troops.
Boston Massacre
Boston Tea Party
Burning Effigies
Tar and Feathering
First Continental Congress (1774)
The colonies said because they were not represented in parliament they should be able to rule themselves.
Their goal was a peaceful compromise (Howard,34)

7. Lexington and Concord (1775)
British Troops went to confiscate weapons the colonists were storing. Shoots were fired and for all practical purposes begun (Howard, 34)

8. The Second Continental Congress
Most representatives were for independence from Great Britain, though many still believed a compromise could be reached.
After the publication of Thomas Paine’s Common Sense, the Congress created the Declaration of Independence (Howard,35 )

9. Important People in the Revolution
John Locke ( )
Natural Rights
Life
Liberty
Property
Eluded to in the Declaration of Independence
“We hold these truths to be self-evident,
that all men …are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are
life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness (Howard)

10. Important People in the Revolution
Ben Franklin
Renaissance Man
Pro Independence
Ambassador to England
Helped to draft the
Declaration of Independence
Likely change in DOI (Duke)
We hold these truths to be
sacred and undeniable To
We hold these truths to be self-evident

11. Important People in the Revolution
John Adams
“delegate from Massachusetts to the Continental Congress, he played a leading role in persuading Congress to adopt the United States Declaration of Independence in 1776” (Wikipedia).

12. Important People in the Revolution
Thomas Jefferson
Delegate from Virginia
1st and 2nd Convention
Primary Writer of the
Declaration of Independence

13. Class work Read Pages 30 -38 in your EOCEP Books
Answer Quesitons on pages 32 & 38

14. Which of the following describes the idea that a government cannot do whatever it wants, but rather is constrained by a set of laws?
limited government
classical republicanism
democracy
fundamental government
Page 32 EOCEP

15. Which of the following BEST describes John Locke’s Philosophy of government?
Because each citizen has certain “natural rights” it is the duty of government to impose its will regardless of what citizens think.
Social contract theory is an outdated philosophy and should be replaced with the idea of classical republicanism.
It is the privilege of citizens to replace any government that fails to protect “natural rights” and uphold the common good.
Subjects to the Crown are there to serve their king without question.
Page 32 EOCEP

16. How did the history of British government and the ideas of the Enlightenment affect colonial government?
Both the Enlightenment and British government were based on the Rule of Law. The American colonists wanted the same natural rights as all British subjects including representation.
Remember: Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights, John Locke
Page 32 EOCEP

17. Why did conflict often arise between royal governors and colonial legislatures?
The royal governors’ main duty was to serve the king, while the colonial legislatures’ duty was to serve the colonists. Because of this, the two groups were fighting from opposite sides of the issues.
Page 32 EOCEP

18. British writs of assistance Stamp Act Taxation without representation
Which of the following was not a contributing factor to the start of the American Revolution?
British writs of assistance
Stamp Act
Taxation without representation
France’s decision to side with the United states after Saratoga
Page 38 EOCEP

19. Thomas Paine’s contribution to the Revolutionary cause can BEST be described as what?
Important, because he drafted the document that proclaimed the US independence
Memorable, because he introduced the phrase, “no taxation without representation!”
Inspiring, because his writings won many to the cause of independence
Radical, because he led a group of colonists who dressed as Mohawk Indians and dumped tea in Boston Harbor
Page 38 EOCEP

20. The right to guaranteed happiness The right to take whatever you want
Which one of the following would Thomas Jefferson have MOST LIKELY considered and “inalienable right?”
The right to guaranteed happiness
The right to take whatever you want
The right to pursue success
The right to a public education
Page 38 EOCEP

21. What is “mercantilism,” and how did this philosophy contribute to the start of the American Revolution?
Mercantilism led Britain to want to consistently export more than they imported in order to make money off of the colonies. When Britain lost money on the colonies because of the French & Indian War, Britain began to pass taxes on the colonies. This created hostile feelings in the colonists and eventually led to revolution.
Page 38 EOCEP

22. What effect has the Declaration of Independence had on the US and the World?
The main effect of the DOI is that governments around the world have had to recognize the rights of their citizens. Those countries that did recognize the rights of their citizens (such as France) often suffered revolutions of their own.
Page 38 EOCEP

23. Works Referenced
Howard, Kindred, and Devin Pintozzi. Passing the South Carolina U. S. History and Constitution End of Course Test. Boston: American Book Company, "The Hypertext Declaration of Independence." Welcome to Duke University. 28 Jan < "John Adams -." Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. 28 Jan <