1. The World Economy Chapter 16 pg. 348-366

2. The West’s First Outreach post-1300 : Consistent exploration & curiosity of the world increased remarkably –Fueled by late postclassical developments –Yet initially obstacles existed

3. Chinese compass & explosives Arab lateen sail Chinese sternpost rudder Arab lateen sail Arab portolan charts & maps New Technology: Key to Power

4. Portugal & Spain lead the Pack Motivated by money, excitement, & desire to circumvent Islamic lands Portugal pushed south & east around Africa Spanish fleets sailed west

5. Northern European Expeditions Dutch and English (& French) use superior ships to replace naval dominance of Spanish & Portuguese Government sponsored trading companies dominated these early colonies

6. Question Based on your reading, record the regions controlled and colonies established by the following countries: Portugal = Spain = Netherlands = England =

7. Toward a World Economy Three changes arose from European exploration –Columbian Exchange –New Import-Export Patterns –Emergence of new overseas empires

8. Columbian Exchange Columbian Exchange = diaspora of new plants, animals & diseases between the old & new worlds following Columbus’ discovery –Major demographic effects –Europe affected slowest

9. West’s Commercial Outreach West dominated ocean trade routes, without fully replacing old players Europeans, without inland colonies, dominated ports

10. Imbalances in World Trade Europe expands manufacturing sector World economic patterns of have’s & have- not’s established: –Core Nations –Dependent Nations

11. Question Explain mercantilism. Analyze the benefits experienced by core nations from such a system.

12. International Inequality Emerging market system created durable inequalities –Rise of coercive labor systems –Limits = many areas not yet effected by market

13. World Economy? Some (China) benefitted w/out fully participating –Gov regulation remained strong –Manufacturing allowed for strong export position Others (Japan) had a change of heart While many societies largely focused on internal development: –India (Mughal Empire); Middle East (Ottomans & Safavids) –Korea; Africa; Russia

14. Expansionist Trend Increasingly areas brought into trade networks b/t 1450-1750 –Europeans begin to view societies as sources of wealth rather than partners India Eastern Europe

15. World Economy & the Americas Chapter 16 pg. 359-364

16. Colonial Expansion Americas: Spanish Colonies Substantial advantages (guns, germs, steel) led to unscrupulous treatment pre-1550 : loose control, motivated by booty post-1550 : tight colonial control, motivated by state profit

17. Americas: British/French Colonies Colonies largely ignored, but settlers attempt to recreate European society (see: pg.364, “North America & Western Civ”) ↳ Loose control, low profitability Emerging commerce & manufacturing Independent assemblies Less impacted by native culture

18. Africa & Asia: Coastal Trading Africa –Inland exploration & colonies limited by geography & disease –exception: Cape Colony (Boers) SE Asia South Asia –Gradually British East India Co. increased control

19. Impact on Western Europe Three major impacts –Economic –Diplomatic Seven Years War = first world war? –Daily life Impact of the New World Order Dependency deepened by coercive labor Yet Columbian Exchange & trade addressed scarcity

20. Global Connections Its complex. –How? Genuine shift was beginning. –Who wins and who loses?