1. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Art and Photos in PowerPoint ® Concepts of Genetics Ninth Edition Klug, Cummings, Spencer, Palladino Chapter 21 Genomics, Bioinformatics, and Proteomics Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

2. 21.1Whole-Genome Shotgun Sequencing Is a Widely Used Method for Sequencing and Assembling Entire Genomes

3. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 21.1

4. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 21.1Whole-Genome Shotgun Sequencing Is a Widely Used Method for Sequencing and Assembling Entire Genomes 21.1.1High-Throughput Sequencing

5. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 21.2

6. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 21.1Whole-Genome Shotgun Sequencing Is a Widely Used Method for Sequencing and Assembling Entire Genomes 21.1.2The Clone-by-Clone Approach 21.1.3Draft Sequences and Checking for Errors

7. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 21.3

8. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 21.2DNA Sequence Analysis Relies on Bioinformatics and Genomic Databases 21.2.1Annotation to Identify Gene Sequences 21.2.2Hallmark Characteristics of a Gene Sequence Can Be Recognized During Annotation

9. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 21.4

10. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 21.5

11. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 21.6a

12. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 21.6b

13. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 21.6c

14. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 21.7

15. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 21.3Functional Genomics Attempts to Identify Potential Functions of Genes and Other Elements in a Genome 21.3.1Predicting Gene and Protein Functions by Sequence Analysis

16. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 21.8

17. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 21.9

18. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 21.3Functional Genomics Attempts to Identify Potential Functions of Genes and Other Elements in a Genome 21.3.2Predicting Function from Structural Analysis of Protein Domains and Motifs

19. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 21.4The Human Genome Project Reveals Many Important Aspects of Genome Organization in Humans 21.4.1Origins of the Project 21.4.2Major Features of the Human Genome

20. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

21. Table 21.1

22. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 21.10

23. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 21.11a

24. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 21.11b

25. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 21.5The “Omics” Revolution Has Created a New Era of Biological Research Methods

26. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 21.6Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Genomes Display Common Structural and Functional Features and Important Differences 21.6.1Unexpected Features of Prokaryotic Genomes

27. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Table 21.2

28. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Table 21.3

29. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 21.12

30. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 21.13

31. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 21.6Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Genomes Display Common Structural and Functional Features and Important Differences 21.6.2Organizational Patterns of Eukaryotic Genomes

32. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Table 21.4

33. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 20-8 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

34. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 21.6Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Genomes Display Common Structural and Functional Features and Important Differences 21.6.3The Yeast Genome 21.6.4Plant Genomes 21.6.5The Minimum Genome for Living Cells

35. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 21.7Comparative Genomics Analyzes and Compares Genomes from Different Organisms 21.7.1The Dog as a Model Organism

36. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 21.14

37. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 21.7Comparative Genomics Analyzes and Compares Genomes from Different Organisms 21.7.2The Chimpanzee Genome

38. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Table 21.5

39. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 21.7Comparative Genomics Analyzes and Compares Genomes from Different Organisms 21.7.3The Rhesus Monkey Genome 21.7.4The Sea Urchin Genome 21.7.4Evolution and Function of Multigene Families

40. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

41. Figure 21.15

42. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 21.16

43. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 21.17

44. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 21.9Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Profiles of Expressed Genes in Cells and Tissues

45. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 21.20

46. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 21.21

47. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 21.21a

48. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 21.21b

49. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 21.10Proteomics Identifies and Analyzes the Protein Composition of Cells 21.10.1Reconciling the Number of Genes and the Number of Proteins Expressed by a Cell or Tissue 21.10.2Proteomics Technologies: Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis for Separating Proteins

50. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 21.23

51. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 21.24

52. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 21.24a

53. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 21.24b

54. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 21.10Proteomics Identifies and Analyzes the Protein Composition of Cells 21.10.3Proteomics Technologies: Mass Spectrometry for Protein Identification

55. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 21.25

56. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 21.26

57. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 21.11Systems Biology Is an Integrated Approach to Studying Interactions of All Components of an Organism’s Cells

58. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 21.29