5. Read and answer the questions. ： 1.What is a congestion charge? 2. Why are there traffic jams in London? 3. What are people’s attitude towards this policy?

6. 2. Why are there traffic jams in London? 1. What is a congestion charge? A tax for cars entering the city center. Because the city of London was planned and built before cars. Read and answer the questions.

7. Most Londoners think the congestion charge is expensive, and limits their freedom. But there are a few people who think the charge should be much higher. 3. What are people’s attitude towards this policy?

8. 1. But even cities in developed countries such as the US suffer. 但是在一些像美国一样的发达国家的 城市里交通阻塞现象也十分严重。

9. suffer 遭受, 受痛苦这个词不用于被动语 态, 不可以用过去分词作状语或后置定 语。语。 1). vi 受痛苦, 受苦难 The injured man was still suffering. His health suffered terribly from heavy drinking.

10. 2). vt. 遭受 ( 痛苦, 损害等 ) The city suffered serious damages from the earthquakes. In the battle, the enemy suffered heavy lost. 3). suffer from 苦于 …, 患 … 病 This area used to suffer from floods. She often suffers from headaches.

11. 2. Los Angeles, which was built with the motor car in mind, and is famous for its six-lane highways, is now the USA’s most congested city. 洛杉矶, 一座关注机动车的城市, 并以 其六车道的公路而闻名, 现在是美国最 拥挤的城市。

12. 本句是一个复合句。句子的主体为 Los Angeles is the USA’s most congested city; which... highways 为非限制性定语从句, 修饰先行词 Los Angeles; 该从句中, and 连接两个并列的谓语部分。

13. 3. The situation in central London, where drivers spent fifty percent of their time in queues, became so bad that the local government decided to do something about it. 这种状况在伦敦中部变得非常严重： 司机们要用百分之五十的时间来排队, 于是当地政府决定为此做点什么。

14. 本句是一个复合句。句子的主体是 The situation... became so bad that...; where 引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 central London; that... about it 为结果状 语从句, 其中, to do... 是动词不定式短语 作 decided 的宾语。

15. 4. They agree that London has a traffic problem. 他们同意伦敦存在交通问题。 agree+ to do sth 疑问词 +to do sth that 从句

16. 我们都同意立刻出发。 We all agreed to start at once. They agreed how to try it. They all agreed that he should not keep the gift. 他们就怎样试验取得了一致意见。 他们一致认为他不该收这个礼物。

17. agree with agree to agree on/upon sb./ what sb. said /sb’s words / idea /opinion plan/ suggestion / arrangement 双方就 …… 取得一致意见

18. 1). He completely agreed with my views on politics. agree with 还有 “ 与 …… 一致 ” “( 气 候, 食物等 ) 适合 ” 我不适应这里的气候。 The climate here doesn’t agree with me. 2). I agree to his plan. 3). We agreed on the date of the meeting.

19. I.Complete the sentences. what’s more, carry out, such as, occur, suffer, even though 1. We should try our best to prevent such a silly mistake __________ again. 2. How can we make up to you for what you have ________? occurring suffered

20. 3. How could he get the plan __________ without anyone supporting him? 4. We should make full use of these energies, _______ coal, oil and natural gas. 5. ____________ you do not like it, you must do it. 6. We invited a new speaker and, _____________, he was happy to come. carried out such as Even though what’s more

21. II. Fill in the blanks with proper preposition. 1. Every day I went to work by bus, so I am quite used to waiting ___ queues. 2. If you are not happy _____ your life, then change it. 3. The price of cotton was reduced ___ 20%. 4. You’d better keep iron _____ __ water to avoid rust. in with by out of

22. Read the passage on page18 and answer the questions. 1. How many problems does the writer talk about? Four (too many cars; terrible air; buses stuck; accidents with cyclists).

23. 2. What are the causes of the problems? The town is old, and the streets are narrow. 3. How many solutions does the writer find? Two (close the city center to all traffic except buses and bikes; build car parks outside the town.)

24. 4. Who are they in They should close the city center? The local government/ city council. 5. Why does the writer divide the passage into two parts? The first part talks about problems; the second about solutions.

25. Write a similar passage about your town.