1. America as a World Power Ch 10-4

2. $$$ Panama Canal $$$
In 1880, French companies directed by Ferdinand de Lesseps, the builder of the Suez Canal, began construction of the Panama Canal. 
But after seven years of fighting diseases and the problems of the jungle terrain, de Lesseps was forced to abandon the project.

3. In 1903, the province of Panama declared its independence from Colombia and immediately signed the Hay-Bunau Varilla Treaty which authorized the United States to start construction of the Canal in 1904. 
It was completed and started operations on August 15, 1914 when the U.S. cargo ship  Ancon made a historic first transit while the war was raging in Europe.

4. Roosevelt Corollary- was added to the Monroe Doctrine and stated that the U.S. has the right to protest its foreign interests by means of military intervention in Latin American Countries/Western Hemisphere
“Speak Softly and Carry a Big Stick”-Roosevelt stated this which meant that his negotiations were always backed up by military force.

5. Mexican Revolution
For more than 30 years, Mexico had been ruled by a military dictator, Porfirio Diaz.
Diaz encouraged foreign investments, therefore, many American companies owned many Mexican oil wells, mines, railroads, and ranches.
Foreign investors grew rich while the people of Mexico were desperately poor.

6. Mexican Revolution Timeline
1911-Madero overthrows Diaz
1913-Huerta kills Madero and takes over.
U.S. President Wilson does not officially recognize Mexico’s President, Huerta. U.S. looks for any excuse to go to war with Mexico.
1914-Huerta’s officers arrest American sailors. The U.S. uses that as an excuse to invade Veracruz.
1915-Carranza takes over and becomes Mexico’s president. Wilson recognizes Carranza as Mexico’s president.

7. Villa
Villa believed that Wilson should have recognized him as president.
The U.S. did not back up Villa and he was sold bad ammo by the U.S., which caused his men to lose a battle.
In retaliation Villa sacked the town of Columbus, New Mexico.
The U.S. sent General Pershing and 15 thousand soldiers to catch Villa. They tested new military equipment and never found him.
Legend has it that Villa walked up to Pershing, and was not recognized.