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The Road to War & The War of 1812
Chapter 7, 8th Grade, Glencoe
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Barbary Coast States – North African Nations
Pirates Tripoli & Barbary States attacked European & American ships – ____________ _________________________________________________________________________ Capture the Philadelphia (U.S. ship); Stephen Decatur set the ship on fire to prevent __________________________________________________________________________ June 1805 – Tripoli agrees to not attack our ships, but U.S. has to pay __________________________________________________________________________ Barbary Pirates
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American Neutrality is Violated
1803 – Britain & France went to war again Both the British & French _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Limits on Trade Embargo Act of 1807 Forbade Americans ______________________________________________________________________ It cut off supplies to France & Britain, but it also hurt the U.S. Embargo Act failed because _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ U.S. couldn’t import sugar, tea, or molasses Eventually U.S. agrees to trade with Britain & France again once they ______________________________________________________________________ Napoleon tricks U.S. and continues to capture U.S. ships; Some Americans call for war 1808 – ______________________________________________________________________
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Conflicts with Native Americans
Ohio becomes a state in 1803, but settlers __________________________________________________________________________ Tecumseh & the Prophet thought Indians were __________________________________________________________________________ They called for the Indians to return to their old ways & resist white invaders; although they received support from the British Tecumseh organized a _________________________________________________________________________ 1811 – General Harrison, governor of Indian Territory, leads attack on Prophetstown on the __________________________________________________________________________ No clear winner, but white celebrate; Tecumseh flees to British-held Canada Tecumseh & the Prophet
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Reasons War Hawks Wanted War
War Hawks = members of Congress from the South & West who called for war with Britain Reasons War Hawks Wanted War To ________________________________________________________ To stop British ____________________________________________ To demonstrate ______________________________________________________ To take _____________________________________________________________________ To end ________________________________________________________________ War Hawks thought war would bring peace & safety to the Frontier and dreamed of more land Those opposed to war don’t want extra taxes & are concerned about British attacking U.S. ports
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U.S. declares war _____________________________________
War of 1812 U.S. declares war _____________________________________ Britain still at war _____________________________________ Pres. Jefferson reduced spending on _________________________________________________________________________ Few regular troops = relied on volunteers British blockaded American ports to __________________________________________________________________________ U.S. navy too small _____________________________________
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Native Americans ___________________________________
Battles Andrew Jackson American General William Hull was ______________________________________________________________________ American Captain Oliver Hazard Perry was successful at __________________________________________________________________________ Andrew Jackson able to win the Battle of Horseshoe Bend (1814) against the Creeks Native Americans ___________________________________
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British win battle in Maryland & then march on Washington, D.C.
Final Battles 1814- Britain defeats France & send ________________________________________________________________ British win battle in Maryland & then march on Washington, D.C. British _____________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ able gather important paper of pres. & portrait of George Washington from White House Battle of Fort McHenry – inspired American Francis Scott Key ________________________________________________________________________ Battle of New Orleans – British attack Jan. 8, __________________________________________________________________________ Could have been avoided because _________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Treaty of _____________________________________
Results of the War of 1812 Treaty of _____________________________________ Pre-war ____________________________________ USA gained _____________________________________________________________________ The US showed _____________________________________ Andrew Jackson __________________________________________________________________________
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Questions Write Three “Deep” Questions and answer them (questions that cannot be answered “yes,” “no,” or with a simple date or fact) 1. 2. 3.
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