1. Most diverse of all the Kingdoms
Kingdom Protista
Most diverse of all the Kingdoms

2. Kingdom Protista- Basic Characteristics
Eukaryote: cells with nucleus (organelles)
Unicellular or Multicellular
Autotrophs or heterotrophs
Variation in movement
Contain both plant and animal characteristics
Asexual reproduction (fission) in all, some have types of sexual reproduction

3. Classifying Protists
Some scientists classify protists by their methods of obtaining nutrition.
Animal-like protists (PROTOZOANS)
Classified based on method of movement
Plantlike protists (ALGAE)
Classified based on color pigment
Funguslike protists
Classified based on method of reproduction

4. The Protozoans (Animal-like)
Phylum Ciliophora (Paramecium)
Have cilia for movement
Pellicle for support
Macronucleus
Micronucleus- used for reproduction
Contractile vacuole- get rid of excess water
Oral groove: where the food enters cell
Gullet: forms the food vacuoles
Food vacuoles: store food
Anal pore: removes wastes
Trichocysts: used for protection (self defense)
Cytoplasm

5. Paramecium

6. Paramecium Characteristics
Cilia beat rapidly- move very fast (wave like motion)
Food getting
Cilia pull food into the oral groove
Gullet encloses food in a food vacuole
Reproduction
Asexual (fission)
Sexual (conjugation)
Exchange of genetic material

7. The Protozoans (Animal-like)
Phylum Rhizopoda (Amoeba)
Cell Membrane
Nucleus
Contractile vacuole: expels excess water
Ectoplasm: clear outer cytoplasm
Endoplasm: dense inner cytoplasm
Pseudopod: (false feet) how they move & obtain food
Food vacuole: stores & digests food

8. Amoeba Characteristics
Movement: gel-sol reaction (move very slow)
Food getting: phagocytosis (engulfs food)
Pseudopods trap food and form a vacuole
Enzymes digest food
Reprodution: asexual (fission)

9. The Protozoans (Animal-like)
Phylum Sporozoa (plasmodium)
All are parasites
Cause malaria
Phylum Zoomatigina
Zooflagellates
Cause disease transferred by insects

10. Algae (Plant-like Protists)
Phylum Bacillariophyta (Diatoms)
Diatomaceous earth: used for toothpaste and insecticides

11. Algae (Plant-like Protists)
Phylum Euglenophyta (Euglena)
Flagella used for movement
Eyespot: used to detect light
Contractile vacuole: expels excess water
Chloroplasts: makes food
Nucleus: controls the cell
Pellicle: helps keep the shape

12. Euglena Characteristics
Movement: twirling of flagella pulls euglena through water
Movement is slow
Food getting: autotrophic & heterotrophic
Uses eye spot to get to light
Can absorb food across cell membrane
Reproduction
Asexual (fission)

13. Fungus-like Protists
Absorb nutrients from decaying organic material (heterotrophic)
Include slime molds