1. RUSSIA AND THE REPUBLICS

2. Physical Geography of Russia and the Republics

3. Chernozem: (black earth)
World’s most fertile soil
75% of Russia’s population lives here
Stretches 1,000 miles
Chernozem

4. Ural Mountains
The mountain ranges that separate the Northern European and West Siberian Plains; the dividing line between Europe and Asia

5. Central Asia Countries
Includes the countries:
Armenia, Georgia, & Azerbaijan
Transcaucasia
Central Asia Countries
Kazakhstan Uzbekistan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Caucasus Mtns.

6. Europe
Eurasia
Eurasia
Asia
the combined
continent of
Europe & Asia
Africa
Australia

7. the part of Russia that lies on the continent of Asia
Siberia
the part of Russia that lies
on the continent of Asia

8. Longest in European continent
Caspian Sea
Saltwater Lake
Rivers & Lakes
Volga River
Longest in European continent
Lake Baikal
Aral Sea

9. Coal
Oil
Hydroelectric Power
Dense Forests
Resources

10. Russia’s 10 Time Zones

11. Siberia --> Permafrost
Average temperatures of January vary from 0 to -50°C, and in July from 1 to 25°C
150,000,000 population.
A former “gulag” Soviet prison camp.

12. Lake Baikal, Siberia The oldest and deepest lake in the world.
20% of the world’s total unfrozen water supply.

13. Major Regional Divisions of the Former U. S. S. R.
Chernozen Soil

14. Climate and Vegetation
Section Two:
Climate and Vegetation

15. Steppes: “Soviet” Breadbasket

16. Vegetation Regions in Russia
Tundra
Forest
Steppe
Desert

17. TAIGA
Largest forest on the earth; lies south of the Arctic Circle in Eurasia. The taiga contains primarily coniferous (cone bearing) trees.

18. Human Environment Interaction
Section Three:
Human Environment Interaction

19. The Russian Winter The Russian Summer As cold as -90 degrees
As hot at 94 degrees

20. Connects Moscow to Vladivostok
5,700 miles long
Crosses 7 time zones
Connects Moscow to Vladivostok
Trans-Siberian Railroad

21. Trans-Siberian Railroad
Completed in 1905.

22. Trans-Siberian Railroad
The main line runs 5,785 miles.

23. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY OF RUSSIA AND THE REPUBLICS

24. Baltic Republics
Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, located on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea

25. Republics Armenia Georgia Azerbaijan Gateway between Europe and Asia
Trade routes through the Black Sea

26. Religion Georgia Armenia Azerbaijan
Two of the oldest Christian countries in the world
Converted to Islam in the 7th century by invaders

27. Invaders Rule Czarist Rule: Soviet Rule: 1723 Control of Azerbaijan
1801
Control of Georgia
1828
Control of Armenia
Soviet Rule:
1920s
Red Army takes control of Transcaucasia

28. Economy
Georgia
Grapes for wine
Azerbaijan
Armenia
Oil
Tea

29. These countries were on the SILK ROAD trading route.
Republics
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Turkmenistan
Tajikistan
Uzbekistan
These countries were on the SILK ROAD trading route.

30. The Great Game
Russia wins control of the region in 1920 and remains in control until 1991.
A struggle between the British Empire and the Russian Empire for control of Central Asia in the 19th century.

31. The "NEW" Great Game
Nuclear Testing in this region caused increase in leukemia, thyroid cancer, birth defects, and mental illness.
Nations all over the world are beginning to compete for profits from the region’s newly discovered oil resources.

32. One of Russia’s most famous Czars was Peter the Great.
The emperor of Russia prior to the Russian Revolution of 1917 and the subsequent creation of the Soviet Union in 1922.
One of Russia’s most famous Czars was Peter the Great.

33. Russian Revolution
The revolt of 1917, in which the Russian Communist Party, led by V.I. Lenin, took control of the government from the czars.
V.I. Lenin, leader of the Communist Party.

34. USSR
the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, or Soviet Union, formed in 1922 by the Communists and officially dissolved in 1991.

35. Can you identify the men in this photo collage?
Cold War
the conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union after World War II, called “cold” because it never escalated into open warfare
Can you identify the men in this photo collage?

36. Command Economy
A type of economic system in which production of goods and services is determined by a central government, which usually owns the means of production. Also called a planned economy.

37. TODAY’S ISSUES: RUSSIA AND THE REPUBLICS

38. CHECHNYA
+ Remained a part of Russia after the collapse of the Soviet Union
+ Has experienced more violence than any other republic
+ Chechnya declared independence from Russia and so Russia invaded them leading to 100,000 casualties in the 1990’s

39. The selling of government owned business to private citizens
Privatization
The selling of government owned business to private citizens

40. Distance Decay
A term referring to the concept that increasing distances between places tend to reduce interaction among them.

41. The End