1. Sigmund Freud The First Armchair Psychiatrist

3. Why does he matter?  Freud is the first major theorist of Psychology - he began the movement that viewed the unconscious mind as the source of all behavior  Theories are most significantly applied to PERSONALITY.

4. What is the Unconscious mind?  We cannot knowingly connect to it = REPRESSION  It only comes out when we are not conscious (e.g. dreams), or by accident - like a reaction (e.g. Freudian slip)  The unconscious mind is responsible for our behavior without us realizing it.

6. So?  If you are to cure anyone you need to go through the unconscious mind

7. How do you get at the unconscious mind?  Free association - patient responds to a prompt  Dream analysis - dreams are unconscious urges so try to understand them

8. Where does personality come from?  For Freud, personality is the result of our efforts to resolve the conflict between our biological impulses and social restraints against them.

9. How do things fit together?  Mind is theoretically composed of several parts: id, ego, superego  Id  Ego  Superego  Our Psyche Our Psyche

11. ID - pleasure principle  contains instinctual/biological urges - our unconscious desires  Problems can happen when ID desires begins to take over.

12. EGO - reality principle  Rational process of our mind that counteracts the Id.  Gratifies the Id’s impulses in realistic ways.

13. SUPEREGO - moral principle  Moral part of our mind, our conscience, holds us to moral principles.  Goes beyond reality into an ideal sense of behavior.

15. Development of Personality The Psychosexual Stages

16. Psychosexual Stages  The Id in children focuses its pleasure seeking energies on different areas of the body - each part of the body is a stage of development.

17. Oral Stage  0-18 months  Pleasure is focused on the mouth.

18. Anal Stage  18-36 months  Pleasure is focused on bowel and bladder elimination.

19. Phallic Stage  3-6 years  Pleasure zone is genitals - this is when kids start to cope with incestuous feelings.  A baby's fight for mom's attention A baby's fight for mom's attention

20. Oedipus/Electra Complex  Boys develop unconscious sexual desire for mother, and hate their father.  Kids cope with that feeling and eventually identify with father.

22. Identification with same sex parent Electra ComplexOedipus Complex

23. Final Stages  Latency - 6-puberty; dormant sexual feelings  “cooties” stage  Genital - puberty +; maturation of sexual interests

25. Fixations  Unresolved conflicts result in bad behavior such as FIXATION - a focus on pleasure seeking activities of a specific stage

27. Oral Fixation

28. Anal Fixation Anal RetentiveAnal Expulsive

29. Phallic Fixation

30. Conclusion Problems with this theory?