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2. 2 INTRODUCTION Protective response of the body against disease Physiological Unconscious mental process to protect from shame, anxiety, loss of self-esteem, conflict, or unacceptable feelings Psychological Bodily Defence Mechanism Ego Defence Mechanism

3. 3 AIM To apprise you about Defence Mechanism as coping style to everyday life

4. 4 SCOPE  Bodily Defence Mechanism  Psychological Defence Mechanism ersonality Structure  Frustration  Coping Strategies/styles

5. 5 Immunological Mechanism  Lymphocyte Cells  Reticuloendothelial System  Endocrine System BODILY DEFENCE MECHANISM

6. 6 Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) : Psychoanalytic Theory EGO DEFENCE MECHANISM Ego defence mechanism is a constellation of related ideas by means of which the individual  Maintains  Enhances  Defends himself Cont.

7. 7 Psychoanalytic Theory Personality Structure (Id, Ego & Superego) ID EGO SUPER EGO PRIMITIVE AND UNCONSCIOUS EXECUTIVE OF THE PERSONALITY OR MEDIATOR IDEAL / LEARNED / MORAL GOAL EGO DEFENCE MECHANISM

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9. 9 FRUSTRATION Frustration refers to the state of the organism when the achievement of goal is blocked External:  Physical  Social External:  Physical  Social Internal:  Physiological  Psychological Internal:  Physiological  Psychological Thus, Ego gets involved mediating between the individual and frustration

10. 10 COPING STYLES RationalizationRationalization Where a person convinces him or herself that no wrong is done through rationalizing or making excuse Cont.

11. 11 COPING STYLES ProjectionProjection Placing blame for own difficulties on others Cont.

12. 12 COPING STYLES CompensationCompensation Covering up weakness by emphasizing desirable trait Cont.

13. 13 COPING STYLES DisplacementDisplacement Shifting aggressive impulses to a more acceptable or less threatening target Cont.

14. 14 COPING STYLES Reaction Formation Behaviour that is completely the opposite of what one really wants or feels Cont.

15. 15 COPING STYLES SublimationSublimation Transformation of negative emotions or instincts into positive actions, behaviour or emotion Cont.

16. 16 COPING STYLES IsolationIsolation Withdrawal from situation, passivity Cont.

17. 17 COPING STYLES DenialDenial Protects self from unpleasant reality by refusal to face it, often by escapist activities Cont.

18. 18 COPING STYLES RepressionRepression Preventing painful thoughts from entering consciousness Cont.

19. 19 COPING STYLES RegressionRegression Temporary reversion to an earlier stage of development Cont.

20. 20 COPING STYLES IntellectualizationIntellectualization A form of isolation; concentrating on the intellectual components of a situation so as to distance oneself from the associated anxiety-provoking situation Cont.

21. 21 Healthy persons use different defences throughout life Ego Defense Mechanism becomes pathological only when its persistent use leads to maladaptive behaviour CONCLUSION Unconscious psychological strategies help cope with reality Protective response of the body against disease Physiological Psychological