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قالوا سبحانك لاعلم لنا
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2. Epidemiology of Periodontal Disease
N.A.GH

3. periodontal disease include all pathological conditions of the periodontium (gingiva, alveolar bone, cementum and periodontal ligament)
Traditionally, periodontal disease classified into:
*gingival diseases
*Periodontal diseases

4. inflammation of the gingival tissues
- Early- reversible
can be treated with good oral prophylactic treatment & instructions in good tooth brushing & flossing technique.
- Moderate – not reversible.
- Advanced – not reversible

6. Periodontal Variables
The degree of inflammation of the gingival tissues.
The degree of periodontal destruction.
The amount of plaque accumulated.
The amount of calculus present.

7. Incidence
Number of new cases of a disease during a given interval of time.
In periodontitis, incidence means new sites of disease, even if these occur in people who already have other diseased sites
Prevalence
Is the overall proportion of the population who suffer from the disease at a specific point in time.
Prevalence = # of cases at a particular time
total population at that time

8. Amount of attachment loss at diseased sites expressed
Severity
Amount of attachment loss at diseased sites expressed
as a mean value.
Extent
Proportion of tooth sites examined showing signs of disease.

9. 2 1 3 The prevalence & severity of the disease affecting by: Agent
factors 1
Host
factors 3
Environm. factors

10. Host factors
Age
Sex
Race
Systemic
diseases
Intra-Oral
variable

11. Agent factors Dental plaque Calculus Cocci Rods Actinomyces-viscosus
Subging.
Supraging.
Actino bacillus Actinomyc.comitanss

12. Environmental factors
Nutrition
Geographic
Education
Socioeconomic

13. Risk Factors
RF is an environmental exposure, aspect of behavior or an inherent characteristic which is associated with a disease.
Are associated with the onset or progression of a disease, not necessarily the causal factor.
Risk factors for periodontitis e.g. plaque, microbiota, oral hygiene and tobacco.

14. Determinants of Disease
Are Risk factors that cannot be modified:
Age
Gender
SES
Genetics

15. ETIOLOGY OF
PERIODONTAL
DISEASE

16. 2 1 3
based on past experience
based on the dietary factors
salivary factors and microbial colonization

17. Thank you