1. Biology Bio = life ology = study of Biology = study of life
Biotic factors = ALL LIVING things in an environment
Trees, cats, fish, bacteria, etc.
Abiotic factors = ALL NONLIVING things
Air, rocks, water, rivers, etc
Living things depend on abiotic factors to live
Abiotic factors recycled
Matter cannot be created or destroyed

2. Characteristics of living things
ALL living things MUST HAVE the following characteristics
1. Be complex and organized
2. Use energy (to maintain homeostasis)
3. Grow (and develop)
4. reproduce
5. Respond and adapt

3. Overview Natural tendency is for universe and matter to move towards
an increasing state of disorder
This involves a LOSS of usable energy
40% of energy produced in human metabolism is lost as heat
Organisms have developed a complex/organized system that allows
Them to maintain homeostasis (same state)
System requires energy to do work
Because organisms maintain homeostasis, they are
able to grow and reproduce
Successful growth and reproduction depends on an organisms ability
to adapt and respond to the environment (immediately and over time

4. Heirarchy Levels of organization
Atom  molecule  CELL  tissue  organ  organ system 
Organism  population  community  ecosystem  biosphere
complex and organized

5. complex and organized

6. Life captures energy from the sun
and converts that energy into
NUTRIENTS.
(photosynthesis).
NUTRIENTS are broken down and
converted into usable ENERGY.
(cellular respiration)
Use energy to maintain homeostasis
ENERGY is used to maintain
HOMEOSTASIS.
Nutrients are RECYCLED

7. The CELL is the smallest unit that exhibits all the
characteristics of living things
complex and organized
Organisms may be single celled (unicellular) or multicellular

8. UNITY Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) ALL organisms contain
complex and organized
DNA is inherited
DNA determines the pattern
of growth and development

9. DIVERSITY Grow and develop DNA  RNA (transcription)
RNA  protein (translation
Reproduce
While all organism are unified in possessing DNA,
differences in DNA arrangement makes all organisms DIFFERENT

10. Classification and Evolution
complex and organized
Organisms are CLASSIFIED in a HEIRARCHY
based on GENETIC (inherited DNA )differences.
The THREE DOMAINS
Grow and develop
Because DNA is INHERITED, classification by genetic differences
provides evidence for EVOLUTION
Reproduce

11. ADAPT and RESPOND Organisms that are NOT able to ADAPT and RESPOND
to a constantly changing environment
WILL NOT SURVIVE
Adapt and Respond
Failure to survive = failure to reproduce
Failure to reproduce = loss of genetic information (DNA)