1. Objective: To use the classroom resource text and identify how during the rise of towns and literacy rates, the Church was able to maintain power. You will take notes from the text and lectures during this activity.

2. The Church & The Power! 1.Identify 3 abuses of power the Church reformers wanted to end. 2.Describe Gothic architecture and explain its significance.

3. Answers: 1. Clerical marriages, simony, lay investitures. Why did reformers see lay investiture as a major threat to the Church? 2. Pointed arches, flying buttresses, and ribbed vaults-enable Gothic architects to achieve height and light, Stain glass windows illustrate bible stories. Why?

4. Excommunication and the interdict were great punishments, explain them, what saved people from them? What law partly governed Christians, what did it abide over? How do you feel about this?

5. Answers: Excommunication-banned from church Interdict-no church ceremonies performed in excommunicated rulers land Only sacraments & repentance could save from both Who were the curia and legates? Cannon law-marriage, divorce, wills What is a tithe? What is a relic?

6. Curia- Pope’s staff, supplied him with information, offered advice, and carried out decisions. Legate- Pope’s diplomats who traveled through Europe dealing with bishops and kings. Tithe-1/10 th of yearly income to church Relic-sacred

7. Good works of the Church What social services did the church provide? What is a heretic? What happened to them—what is the inquisition?

8. Social Services = 1/4 th of tithes to help sick and poor. Funds for orphans, beggars and lepers. Hospitals Heretic- beliefs that differ from church. Heretics got questioned for weeks, tortured, impossible to prove innocence. Inquisition-an organization of experts whose job was to find and judge heretics. 1225 Pope sent them around Europe. (gossip and rumors accepted as evidence)