1. Grouping organisms based on similarities
Classification
Grouping organisms based on similarities

2. Taxonomy
Taxonomy is the branch of biology that groups and names organisms based on similar characteristics.

3. Early Taxonomy Aristotle- (384-322 BC)
Grouped plants by size and animals by where they live.
Not very affective
Animals
Plants
Air –fly, bird, bat
Herbs-sage, tea, pepper
Water-seal, fish, frog
Shrubs- grass, rose bush
Land- dog, lizard, cat
Trees- oak, pine, maple

4. Linnaeus’s System
-Linnaeus ( ) – grouped organisms based on structural similarities.
Ex. Mammals have fur and reptiles have scales

5. Taxonomic Rankings -From larger groups to smaller groups Kingdom King
Phylum Phillip
Class Came
Order Over
Family For
Genius Good
Species Spaghetti

7. Binomial Nomenclature
-used to name organisms
-first word is genus (capital)
-second word is species (lower case)
Italicized when typed and underlined written.
Ex. Homo sapiens = humans
Homo= genus
sapiens= species

8. Phylogenetic Trees and Cladograms
Branching diagrams that shows the evolutionary history of organisms based on derived traits

9. Cladogram

10. Dichotomous Keys
-dichotomous keys characterize organisms by splitting them into groups based on characteristics. Used to identify unknown organisms.

11. 1.Has feathers yes go to 2
no go to 3
2. Swims yes go to 4
no go to 5
3. Has Legs yes go to 6
no go to 7
4. Duck
5. Hen
6. Lizard
7. Snake