1. The Jefferson Era Thomas Jefferson Video Chapter 10 Lesson 1
8.40 Analyze the role played by John Marshall in strengthening the central government,
including the key decisions of the Supreme Court - Marbury v. Madison, Gibbons v. Ogden, and
McCulloch v. Maryland. (H, P)
8.41 Explain the major events of Thomas Jefferson’s presidency, including his election in 1800,
Louisiana Purchase, the defeat of the Barbary pirates, and the Embargo Act. (E, G, H)
Thomas Jefferson Video
This PowerPoint is going to describe how the democratic-republican party came to power, we will
summarize Thomas Jefferson's view of government and democracy, and analyze the impact of Marburg v. Madison

2. Election of 1800 Federalists- supported a strong central government
Democratic-Republicans: represented by Thomas Jefferson, feared a strong central government
Thomas Jefferson Vs. Aaron Burr
Radicals- people who take extreme political positions
The two parties competing in the election of 1800 were the federalists ( supported a strong central government) and the Democratic Republicans ( represented by Thomas Jefferson, feared a strong central government)
The democratic republicans thought they were saving the nation from monarchy and oppression. They argued that the alien and sedition acts violated the bill of rights
The federalists were afraid the nation was about to be ruined by radicals ( people who take extreme political positions. )
When election day came, the democratic-republicans won the presidency. Jefferson received 73 votes in the electoral college, and Adams earned 65
Tie between Aaron Burr ( on the ballot for vp) and Jefferson. The vote is sent to the house of reps. They couldn’t decide. They voted 35 times with ties each time. Finally some people were persuaded to not vote for Burr, and Jefferson won on the 36th house ballot.
People were overjoyed by Jefferson's election because he had many achievements and talents beyond politics.

3. Jefferson’s Campaign for the Presidency
In 1800, Thomas Jefferson led the Democratic-Republicans as candidate for President of the USA.
His running mate was Aaron Burr
He faced off against John Adams of the Federalist Party along with Charles Pickney for vice president

4. Campaigning
Neither side traveled to gain support. Instead letters were sent and ads were posted in newspapers.
It was a bitter campaign
Both sides launched personal attacks
Federalists called Jefferson “godless” even though he believed in freedom of religion
Republicans said the Adams favored the wealthy and would bring back a monarchy.

5. Electoral College Electors- electing groups of people
Our representatives vote on our behalf
At that time, the Constitution stated that each person would cast two ballot- but not specifically name a President or VP
The candidate with the most would be President, the second place would be the VP
73 electors cast their ballots for Jefferson and Burr

6. Electoral College Therefore each one got the same number of vote
The House of Representatives had to make the deciding vote
Federalist tried to keep Jefferson out of office by electing Burr, but Hamilton dislike Burr and persuaded some otherwise
For 35 ballots they tied
Finally, a representative of Delaware feared a Civil War would break out and voted for Jefferson

7. The Election Results are In!
Not wanting this to happen again, the 12th Amendment was passed stating that each elector would cast one ballot for president, and one for vice President. ??? Which areas tended to support Adams??

8. Critical Thinking- Drawing Conclusions
Why do you think Adams and Jefferson both had their support concentrated in particular regions of the country?
Adams’s supporters in New England and the mid-Atlantic states belonged to an industrial economy that supported a strong central government. Jefferson’s supporters, mostly in the South, belonged to an agricultural economy that supported the idea of states’ rights and limited central government.

9. Jefferson’ View of Government
3rd U.S. President
( )
Aaron Burr – V.P.
George Clinton – V.P.
Wealthy plantation owner (Virginia)
Tobacco (and hemp)
Slavery
Somewhat opposed
Jefferson's first order of business was to heal political wounds, and wanted political enemies to unite
He thought he could do this by promoting a common way of life, he wanted the nation to remain a group of small independent farmers. He valued country living. He had hoped that with all the available land that people wouldn’t crowd into cities like people did in Europe
He wanted to avoid having too much government, and believed the power of the central government should be limited.
He reduced the number of federal employees and the size of the military. He ended the alien and sedition acts
Made changes to the financial policies, he opposed public debt, and used revenues from tariffs and land sales to reduce the amount of money owed by the government

10. Jefferson’ View of Government
Promoted a common way of life
Valued country living
Wanted to avoid having too much government
Believed the power of the central
Government should be limited
Attempts to appeal to the average
American
Jefferson's first order of business was to heal political wounds, and wanted political enemies to unite
He thought he could do this by promoting a common way of life, he wanted the nation to remain a group of small independent farmers. He valued country living. He had hoped that with all the available land that people wouldn’t crowd into cities like people did in Europe
He wanted to avoid having too much government, and believed the power of the central government should be limited.
He reduced the number of federal employees and the size of the military. He ended the alien and sedition acts
Made changes to the financial policies, he opposed public debt, and used revenues from tariffs and land sales to reduce the amount of money owed by the government

11. Jefferson’ View of Government
Changes things up:
Reduces size of gov.
He reduced the military, shrunk the Bank of the United States,
Gets rid of “king-like” things:
Walks to White House
Rides his own horse rather than a carriage
Think Pair Share Based on his interests and skills, what qualities do you think Jefferson
might have had???
He was probably curious, open to new
ideas, and creative
Jefferson's first order of business was to heal political wounds, and wanted political enemies to unite
He thought he could do this by promoting a common way of life, he wanted the nation to remain a group of small independent farmers. He valued country living. He had hoped that with all the available land that people wouldn’t crowd into cities like people did in Europe
He wanted to avoid having too much government, and believed the power of the central government should be limited.
He reduced the number of federal employees and the size of the military. He ended the alien and sedition acts
Made changes to the financial policies, he opposed public debt, and used revenues from tariffs and land sales to reduce the amount of money owed by the government

12. Judiciary Act 1801
After the election, but before Jefferson took office, John Adams tried to load down the courts with Federalists
John Adams used the Judiciary Act of 1801 to make hundreds of appointments. He also asked John Marshall to the Chief Justice.
Think Pair Share ???What would be the benefit of doing this???

13. Federalists Prepare
Congress and the courts would be under Federalist control and would still support Adams’ choices.
Adams could then block Jefferson from making appointments
Supreme court judges are appointed for life
Adams appointees could not take effect until they received an official paper called a commission

14. Marbury v. Madison
When Jefferson took office, some of the appointees had not received the commission.
Jefferson told Madison (the Secretary of State) not to deliver them.
William Marbury was one who did not get his
He asked the Supreme Court to rule for Madison to deliver it
Court ruled it was not their jurisdiction, or legal authority, to do that
Marbury argued that an act of Congress gave the courts power, but the Court ruled it was unconstitutional

15. Marbury v. Madison
During Jefferson’s presidency the Federalists controlled the Supreme Court
1803 Marbury V. Madison: principle of Judicial Review was introduced by Chief Justice John Marshall
Constitution was the supreme law of the land
Constitution must be followed when there is a conflict with any other law
The judicial branch can declare laws unconstitutional
Jefferson had little power over the courts, because judges are appointed for life, Jefferson could do little about the federalists control of the courts
Under chief justice John Marshall, the supreme court upheld federal authority and strengthened the federal courts
In 1803 Marbury V. Madison affirmed the principle of judicial review- the final authority of the supreme court on the meaning of the Constitution.

16. This is inscribed on the Supreme Court Building in Washington D. C
This is inscribed on the Supreme Court Building in Washington D.C. to show Marbury vs. Madison played a huge role in displaying the power of judicial review.

17. John Marshall & Supreme Court
Marshall claimed the power of the courts to find acts of other branches unconstitutional
He broadened the power of the Courts
Expanded Federal power at the expense of the states
Served a 24 year term
Other noted cases: McCulloch v. Maryland, Gibbons v. Ogden, Worchester v. Georgia

18. McCulloch v. Maryland 1819 Gibbons v. Ogden 1824
Court held that Congress does not have implied powers and that states cannot tax the Federal government
Gibbons v. Ogden 1824
The Court held that the federal law overrules state law in matters affecting more than one state
Worcester v. Georgia 1832
The Court decided that states could not regulate Native Americans

19. Your Assignment
You are asked to create an instructional presentation (song, poem, play, etc.) that will describe the major decisions of the Supreme Court during John Marshalls office as Chief Justice.
You must include the information on Marbury v. Madison, McCulloch v. Maryland, Gibbons v. Ogden, and Worcester v. Georgia
You will have one week to complete this
You may work alone, with a partner, or as a group of three or four

20. Rubric and Example Marbury v. Madison Rap Instructional Video Rubric 44 3 2 1
Court Cases
Contains all court cases
Only has 3 cases
Only has 2 cases
Only has one case
Grammar and Punctuation
Has none, one, or two mistakes
Has three or four mistakes
Has five or six mistakes
Has more than six mistakes
Creativity
Colorful, original, understandable,
informational
Has three of four
Has two of four
Has one of four
Self Score
Completed all on own
Had a little help
Did not do much at all
Did nothing

21. Exit out the door
Get out your clicker and answer the following questions:
Which statement reflects a principle of Judicial Review?
State law takes precedence over federal law
The constitution is the supreme law of the land
Laws that conflict with the Constitution may stand
The executive branch must uphold the constitution

22. Election of 1800 Election of 2012
Based on what you know about the original political parties, and the maps below, which Political party from would be similar to the Democratic party today?
Federalists
Democratic- Republican
Republican
Antifederalist