1. Presidency of Thomas Jefferson: 1801-1809 “Jeffersonian” Democracy Role of yeoman farmer in republic States’ rights must be protected Freedom of speech is essential Scope of federal government should be reduced

2. Jefferson as President (1801 - 1809) Why is Thomas Jefferson referred to as a “sphinx” or an “enigma”?

3. TJ First Term Issues (1801-1805) “Common Man” Precedents TJ follows inauguration pledge and keeps most Hamiltonian economic plans=economy improves & national debt is reduced. Federalist Chief Justice John Marshall strengthens the Supreme Court: – Marbury v. Madison (1803) establishes power of Judicial Review Territorial Expansion (Louisiana Purchase/Lewis & Clark Expedition)

4. Louisiana Purchase, 1803 Largest territorial acquisition Connected to Jefferson’s agricultural hopes for America/port of New Orleans for Western crops Purchase violated Jefferson’s belief in strict constructionism Napoleon’s role

5. Louisiana Purchase from Napoleon (1803) – clash of Jefferson’s political philosophy & pragmatism

6. Second Term Issues (1805-1809) TJ attempts to maintain neutrality in Napoleonic Wars Impressment of U.S. sailors & attack on USS Chesapeake (1807) by British further increase tensions Embargo Act of 1807; replaced with scaled down “Non- Intercourse” Act (1809) “Economic Coercion” postpones war until 1812

7. Enigmatic Jefferson retires with nation at brink of war and in flux economically He writes, finishes Monticello and founds UVA…dies on July 4 th, 1826

8. War of 1812 Causes British impressments Interference w/American commerce British aid to Native Americans on frontier Consequences Contributed to demise of Federalist party Intensified nationalist feelings Promoted industrialization Advanced career of Andrew Jackson http://www.youtube.com/w atch?v=50_iRIcxsz0 http://www.youtube.com/w atch?v=50_iRIcxsz0