1. Jefferson as President (1800 - 1808) Why is Thomas Jefferson a “sphinx” or an “enigma”?

2. I. “Velvet” Revolution of 1800 What does TJ Mean when he says: “We are all Republicans, we are all Federalists”

3. Federalist Anti -TJ Cartoon

4. 1800 Election Results Burr (VP) makes power play to “steal” election from TJ after Jefferson & Burr (Democratic-Republicans) defeat Adams & Pinckney (Federalists) – Burr & Jefferson had the same number of votes in the Electoral College. House of Reps finally chooses TJ as Pres. and Burr as VP (Hamilton uses influence to help TJ - in part leads to duel w/Burr in 1804) 12th amendment added (1804) to separate balloting for President and VP

5. II. TJ First Term Issues (1801-1805) “Common Man” Precedents (ex: State of the Union, Dress & White House dinners) TJ follows inauguration pledge and keeps most Hamiltonian plans (bond payment, BUS & tariff) = economy improves & national debt is reduced. Controversy surrounding “Midnight Judges” - Marbury (selected by Adams) was not granted position by TJ’s Sect. of State Madison Federalist Chief Justice John Marshall then strengthens the Supreme Court by declaring parts of the Judiciary Act unconstitutional on a technicality with famous Marbury v. Madison (1803) establishes power of -- Judicial Review

6. Barbary Pirates Crisis (1801) How is Jefferson’s conviction tested by the conflicts with the Barbary states?

7. Response: Jefferson’s philosophy conflicts with pragmatic reality; TJ responds with “Mosquito Fleet” and later agrees to pay less “tribute” to pirates Results: Avoids all-out war and debt

8. Louisiana Purchase from Napoleon (1803) – Another example of political philosophy & pragmatism clashing for TJ

9. Lewis & Clark (1804- 1806)

10. III. Second Term Issues (1805-1809) TJ attempts to maintain neutrality in the growing European Napoleonic Wars British place embargo on French ports - Napoleon responds with counter blockade. US ships & domestically oriented TJ in the middle. Impressment of U.S. sailors & attack on USS Chesapeake (1807) by British further increase tensions.

11. TJ wants US to be neutral in foreign problems and Responds with Embargo Act - (1807)

12. Embargo Act repealed after much Federalist argument and replaced with scaled down “Non-Intercourse” Act (1809) (not what you think…) “Economic Coercion” postpones war until 1812.

13. Enigmatic Jefferson retires with nation at brink of war and in flux economically He writes, finishes Monticello and founds UVA…dies on July 4 th, 1826

14. Using the 5 th Edition of America’s History (Ch.8), respond to your assigned question with details from the book. Why did the Western Indian Confederacy fail to limit white settlement west of the Appalachins? What are three reasons large numbers of Americans migrated during the first part of the 19 th century? Compare the causes on the War of 1812 in Europe and for the Americans. What regional tensions and political factions did the War of 1812 expose? Discuss the impacts of the two great foreign developments (French Revolution and War of 1812) of this era on the new nation.