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CSE4213 Computer Networks II
Supplementary Material (VLSM and IPv6) Course page:
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Variable Length Subnet Mask
Let’s say there is a company with a Class C network /24. Subnet 1 requires 10 hosts Subnet 2 requires 10 hosts Subnet 3 requires 10 hosts Subnet 4 requires 10 hosts Subnet 5 requires 50 hosts Subnet 6 requires 100 hosts How to subnet?
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IPv6 Header Format
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IPv6 Extension Header The general form of an IPv6 datagram. Extension headers are optional -- the minimum datagram has a base header followed by data
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Example Two IPv6 datagrams in which (a) contains a base header plus data, and (b) contains a base header, route header, and data. The NEXT HEADER field in each header specifies the type of the item that follows.
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IPv6 Options Extension Header
Because the size of the options header can vary from one datagram to another, the HEADER LEN field specifies the exact length.
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IPv6 Fragmentation In IPv4 a router performs fragmentation
In IPv6 a sending host performs fragmentation. How? A sending host sends a packet to the size of the first link. If a router along the path cannot handle, it will drop the packet and send ICMPv6 packet too big. The sending host then resend with smaller size. Or simply send a minimum MTU size that all routers should support – 1280 bytes
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IPv6 Fragmentation (2)
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IPv6 Addressing
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IPv4-Compatible IPv6 Addresses
For devices that speak both IPv4 and IPv6: dual stack
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IPv4-Mapped IPv6 Addresses
Used for mapping IPv4 devices that are not compatible with IPv6 into the IPv6 address space; it begins with 80 zeroes followed by 16 ones. (only IPv4-capable)
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