1. IONS AND THEIR COMPOUNDS

2. REMEMBER HOW WE CAN PREDICT ION CHARGES FROM THE PERIODIC TABLE

3. IONIC COMPOUNDS NaCl MgCl 2 Li 3 N AlCl 3 K 2 O Metal + NonMetal Cations and Anions both present Overall charge of compound = 0 Number of electrons given = number of electrons taken ExamplesPattern:

4. OVERALL CHARGE MUST = 0 Na +1 + Cl -1 = NaCl Mg +2 + 2Cl -1 = MgCl 2 3Li +1 + N -3 = Li 3 N Al +3 + 3Cl -1 = AlCl 3 2K +1 + O -2 = K 2 O

5. GIVE THE FORMULAS FOR THE COMPOUNDS THAT CONTAIN THE FOLLOWING PAIRS OF IONS Ca 2+ and S 2- Sr 2+ and F - Fe 3+ and Cl - Na + and S 2- Mg 2+ and O 2- CaS SrF 2 FeCl 3 Na 2 S MgO

6. NAMING TYPE I IONIC COMPOUNDS Type I ionic compounds = the metal present forms only one type of cation Metals in Groups 1, 2, 16 and 18, along with Al ( 3+ ), Zn ( 1+ ) and Ag ( 1+ ).

7. NAMING TYPE I BINARY IONIC COMPOUNDS The cation is always name first and the anion second A simple cation (from a single atom) takes its name from the name of the element. E.g. Na+ is called “sodium” in the names of the compounds containing this element. A simple anion is named by taking the first part of the element name and adding –ide. E.g. Cl- ion is called “chloride” Write the name for the compound by combining the names of the ions “Sodium Chloride”

8. NAME THESE COMPOUNDS NaI CaO CaS MgO AlCl 3 MgI 2 Sodium Iodide Calcium Oxide Calcium Sulfide Magnesium Oxide Aluminum Chloride Magnesium Iodide

9. MORE PRACTICE Ch 4, p. 119 and 121 Problems 6, 25, 41, and 42

10. TRANSITION METALS COMPLICATE THINGS Many transition metals can form more than one cation. These cations have different charges E.g. Au can form Au + and Au 3+, Fe can form Fe 2+ and Fe 3+ To indicate these different charges in the names of compounds, chemists use a system of Roman numerals conveying the different “oxidation numbers” of the cations E.g. AuCl3 is called “Gold (III) Chloride; AuCl is called “Gold (I) Chloride) The Roman numeral indicates the charge of the cation, NOT the number of ions present!!!!!!!

11. NAMING TYPE II BINARY IONIC COMPOUNDS Type II compounds – the metal present can form 2 or more cations that have different charges (this will usually be a transition metal) Give name of cation, the roman numeral indicating the cations charge, and the name of the anion (the root of the element forming the ion + -ide) E.g. Fe 2 O 3 = Iron (III) Oxide; FeO = Iron (I) Oxide

12. NAME THESE COMPOUNDS HgO PbCl 4 HgCl 2 SnBr 4 CoCl 3 Mercury (II) Oxide Lead (IV) Chloride Mercury (II) Chloride Tin (IV) Bromide Cobalt (III) Chloride

13. MORE PRACTICE Ch 4, p. 118, 122 Problems 8 and 44