1. Classification of the Nervous System

2. Brain Central nervous system (CNS) Spinal cord Peripheral (PNS)
Afferent
division
Efferent
Sensory
stimuli
Visceral
Somatic
nervous system
Autonomic
Motor
neurons
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
Skeletal
muscle
Smooth muscle
Cardiac muscle
Glands
Effector organs
(made up of muscle
and gland tissue)
(Input to CNS
from periphery)
(Output from CNS
to periphery)

3. Classification
We can divide the nervous system using many different sets of terminology…
Anatomical
Direction of Impulses
Functional

4. Lets just keep it simple…
Central Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System

5. Stimulus NS Response
Input NS Output
More complex features of the NS:
intellect, consciousness, emotions, motivation, association, memory, language …….

6. Functions of the Nervous System
1. Sensory input – gathering information
To monitor changes occurring inside and outside the body (changes = stimuli)
2. Integration –
to process and interpret sensory input and decide if action is needed.
3. Motor output
A response to integrated stimuli
The response activates muscles or glands
Slide 7.1a
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

7. Structural Classification of the Nervous System
Central nervous system (CNS)
Brain
Spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Nerve outside the brain and spinal cord
Slide 7.2
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

8. Functional Classification of the Peripheral Nervous System
Sensory (afferent) division
Nerve fibers that carry information to the central nervous system
Figure 7.1
Slide 7.3a
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

9. Functional Classification of the Peripheral Nervous System
Motor (efferent) division
Nerve fibers that carry impulses away from the central nervous system
Figure 7.1
Slide 7.3b
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

10. Functional Classification of the Peripheral Nervous System
Motor (efferent) division
Two subdivisions
Somatic nervous system = voluntary
Autonomic nervous system = involuntary
Figure 7.1
Slide 7.3c
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

11. Organization of the Nervous System
Figure 7.2
Slide 7.4
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

12. 3

13. Central Nervous System:

14. Central Nervous System:
Consists of
Brain
Located in cranial vault of skull
Spinal cord
Located in vertebral canal
Brain and spinal cord
Continuous with each other at foramen magnum

15. Peripheral Nervous System: comprises peripheral nerves (cranial & spinal) & ganglia
Two subcategories
Sensory or afferent (input)
Motor or efferent (output)
Divisions
Somatic nervous system
Autonomic nervous system (ANS)
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
Enteric

16. PNS
Cranial
Nerves

17. PNS
Spinal
Nerves
Ganglia