1. Chapter 4,sec.4 Winning the War The British surrender at Yorktown

3. Patriots have more than a little help from European Allies How the huge underdog is able to pull off the stunning upset

4. Friedrich von Steuben  Prussian captain  Talented drillmaster  Tells Geo. Washington he can help  Will transform raw militia into a fighting force

5. Marquis de Lafayette  20 years old!!!  Aristocrat  Will endure Valley Forge  Will help to get French re- enforcements in 1779

6. Britain changes war tactics  After Saratoga,they will focus on southern colonies  They hope to gain loyalist support,regain colony control, then move north  1778-they take Savanna,Ga.  1779-Georgia has a Royal governor

7. Gen. Cornwallis (Britain)  1780-he and Gen. Clinton capture Charleston,S.C.  Greatest British victory of the war  They capture 5500 patriots

8. Gen. Cornwallis, cont.  He will conquer No./So. Carolina  His forces will be joined by escaped slaves  He establishes forts across the state  Successful for most of 1780  Patriots force back to S.Carolina by year’s end

9. 1781  Washington will send Gen. Greene/Morgan To attack Gen. Cornwallis  Cornwallis counter-attacks at Cowpens,S.C. expects outnumbered Americans to flee, they don’t!  Redcoats defeated,surrender  Cornwallis will win next battle at Guilford Court house,but victory will be costly

10. 1781,cont.  Gen. Greene(AM) asks Lafayette to get French help  Cornwallis will lead his 7500 man army to Yorktown  French have 6000 men in R.I.  Americans, French(with ships) combine forces, attack British at Yorktown  French navy defeats British navy, blockade the bay, no escape for the British!

11. Siege of Yorktown  17,000 FR./AM. Soldiers  They surround the British  Shell them for 3 weeks  His troops outnumbered 2-1,weakened,Cornwallis surrenders Oct. 17,1781  Oct. 19,1781, formal surrender, troops lay down weapons

12. Paris Peace Talks-1782  Four members, Americans, France, England, and Spain  U.S. would not even begin talks until ALL recognize U.S. independence  Britain last to agree, talks begin

14. Treaty of Paris  Confirms U.S. independence  Sets boundaries for the new nation  Natives,who did not get involved,or helped Britain, not protected  Loyalists left in the dark, promised legal rights, but did not get them

16. Egalitarianism  Means new ideals for Americans!!  Lines between rich/poor become less distinct!!!  Respect for all!!!  Equality of all people!!!  Ability,effort,virtue, will define a person, not money or family!!!

17. AS LONG AS YOU ARE A WHITE MAN!!!

18. Slavery  By 1804,most northern states will outlaw it  Southern states make it easier to free slaves  Morality of the issue is debated  In the deep south, not so much  Reality is that most Africans are still enslaved, free blacks face discrimination and poverty

19. Native Americans  They are faced with much uncertainty  Many of their communities have been destroyed  Many of the tribes have been displaced  Their population east of the Mississippi is down 50%!  Settlers keep pressing west, taking their land