1. EQ: How do governments change? Chapter 11, Lesson 2
Rome as a Republic
EQ: How do governments change?
Chapter 11, Lesson 2

2. Vocabulary: Chapter 11, Lesson 2
Patrician
Plebeian
Consul
Veto
Praetors
Tribune
Dictator
Civic duty

4. Social Classes Two main social classes in ancient Rome:
Patricians—the ruling class
Plebeians—the ordinary citizens (shopkeepers, artisans, small farmers)
Both were citizens of Rome, thus had the right to vote.
But could not marry one another.

5. Government of the Republic
Two Consuls (head of gov.)
Head of the Military
Head of Government
Both served for one year—both can veto (reject) each others decisions.
Praetors (major gov. officials)— interpret the law and served as judged in courts, and could lead armies.

6. Rome’s Legislative Body
Senate (300 male citizens—served for life)
Made laws
Advised counsels
Planned buildings (temples, roads, etc.)
Assembly of Centuries
Elected consuls
Both are controlled by patricians

7. Conflict Between Classes
Plebeians were upset because they have no power in government
By 494 BC, many went on strike and even formed their own gov.
Patricians fearing the collapse of the Republic
Agreed to share power with Plebeians
Council of Plebs
Elected officials called tribunes—elected officials who protected the rights of ordinary citizens
Veto gov. decisions
By 287 BC, was able to pass laws, marriage between plebeians and patricians was possible
All male citizens were now consider equal
Women had little political rights
Rome was still not democratic, but more representative.

8. Activity Read pg. 313-314 Complete the Critical Thinking Exercise.
Questions #1-6

9. Dictators
Dictators in Rome were elected by the Senate when there was an emergency.
Cincinnatus
Dictator that was elected when Rome was attacked in 460 BC.
He gathered an army and helped Rome.
He did his civic duty by serving his government when he was needed.

10. Twelve Tables
First code of laws was written in 451 BC in Rome  Twelve Tables
Plebeians thought the judges always agreed with the rich citizens
All citizens should be treated equally
All future laws were based on the Twelve Tables
Roman legal system assumed that the law should treat everyone equally “rule of law”
The “rule of law” is the basis of the US legal system today.

11. Punic Wars Rome vs. Cartage
Carthage—a powerful trading empire in Northern Africa
There are three Punic Wars
Rome will defeat Carthage and will rule the Mediterranean Region.

12. Include a 5-6 sentence summary.
Drawing
Read pg
Briefly explain the main events of the first, second, and third Punic wars.
Include a 5-6 sentence summary.
Then include an illustration that would allow you to remember the events that occurred during the war.