1. EQ: How did the Freedman’s Bureau affect African Americans?

2. ► The Civil War had caused suffering across the nation with hundreds of thousands of people on both sides dead. ► It changed both regions, though the changes were very different. South: farms, cities, & factories, destroyed North: grew stronger – industries and railroads grew quickly during and after the war

3. ► Vice President Andrew Johnson became President after Lincoln’s assassination. ► Johnson put Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction into action by having the southern states quickly set up state governments and forced them to abolish slavery in their state constitutions.

4. ► Johnson upset many by allowing southern states to elect former Confederate leaders to Congress. ► Congress fought back – members voted not to let the new southern representatives join Congress. They passed a law to protect the rights of freedmen, who were the people freed from slavery

5. ► Freed slaves had 2 big problems They were uneducated They were unemployed ► To help them, the U.S. government established the Freedmen’s Bureau in 1865. ► Freedman’s Bureau: Government agency to help freed slaves after the Civil War

6. ► This organization gave food, clothing, medicinal care, legal advice, set up hospitals, schools, and found jobs.

7. ► In 1867, Congress began its own plan for Reconstruction: it put the South under military rule. ► Soldiers from the national army marched into the region. When they arrived, they forced southern states to obey Congress.

8. ► After taking over Reconstruction, Congress tried to remove President Johnson – the House of Representative tried to impeach Johnson. Impeach means to charge a government official with a crime. ► They accused him of breaking one of their new laws. Congress almost forced Johnson out of office, but they didn’t succeed and he finished his presidency.